ArticleJournal of Cancer2024
Capsaicin and Cold exposure promote EMT-mediated premetastatic niche formation to facilitate colorectal cancer metastasis.
Article in Journal of Cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of capsaicin, circadian clock genes, and TRPV1 in colorectal carcinogenesis: Lessons and future directions.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Pre-metastatic niche: formation, characteristics and therapeutic implication.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- DPF2 overexpression correlates with immune infiltration and dismal prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of Cancer · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Capsaicin and cold exposure were positively correlated with CRC metastasis. However, the mechanisms of action underlying capsaicin and cold exposure in 1,2-dimethylhyrazine (DMH)-induced CRC remain unknown. Multiple assays were utilized in the present study, including methylene blue, hematoxylin eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, western blotting and Duolink proximity ligation assay (PLA), in order to assess the influence of capsaicin and cold exposure on CRC rat models induced by DMH. The present study reported that capsaicin and cold exposure treatment significantly increased the size and number of colonic tumors, and the CRC metastasis rate in the capsaicin and cold exposure groups was higher than that in DMH model group.Moreover, it was observed that capsaicin and cold exposure increased mRNA and protein expression levels of LAMC2 and integrin-β1 induced by DMH. Duolink PLA results indicated that cold exposure and capsaicin significantly promoted interaction formation between LAMC2 and ITGB1 in CRC rats induced by DMH. Furthermore, western blot and IHC analysis confirmed that cold exposure and capsaicin inhibited DMH-induced decreases in the expression levels of E-cadherin, and increases in the expression levels of p-FAK, Snails, Fibronectin and N-cadherin. In addition, the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in capsaicin and cold exposure group were higher than those of model group. In conclusion, our study suggests that both capsaicin and cold exposure may contribute to EMT-mediated the formation of premetastatic niche, which may lead to CRC metastasis by activating the early interaction between LAMC2 and integrin-β1.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.