ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2024
Inequalities in the access to diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in Brazil: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Barriers to the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in 15 francophone Sub-Saharan African countries: A multicountry survey.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Day-time split study for management of obstructive sleep apnoea: Proof of concept study.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society · 2026Article
- Optimizing Sleep Disorder Diagnosis in Underserved Regions: Insights from Video-Polysomnography Analysis in Southern Brazil.Sleep science (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in São Paulo: Findings From the 4th Edition of the EPISONO Study.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Performance of Four Screening Tools for Identifying Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Patients with Insomnia.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- 2024 Position Statement on the Use of Different Diagnostic Methods for Sleep Disorders in Adults - Brazilian Sleep Association.Sleep science (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent, and positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is the primary treatment. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic and PAP treatment resources for OSA within Brazil's Unified Health System and to identify potential inequalities and gaps.
methodsA structured survey was sent to members of the Brazilian Sleep Association and the Brazilian Association of Sleep Medicine to identify sleep laboratories providing OSA diagnosis and/or treatment within Brazil's Unified Health System. The numbers of centers, care team structure, sleep studies availability, PAP accessibility, and follow-up services were characterized in all 5 Brazilian regions.
resultsForty-seven centers were identified: Midwest (n = 4), Northeast (n = 10), North (n = 3), Southeast (n = 22), and South (n = 8). Most centers (70%) provided both OSA diagnosis and treatment, mainly in capitals and/or metropolises (87%). Ten out of 27 Brazilian Federal Units lacked sleep services for OSA management, with the North having the highest proportion of states without a sleep service (71%). The annual number of diagnostic exams for OSA was 14,932, with significant heterogeneity across regions (Midwest: 240; North: 400; Northeast: 3,564; South: 4,380; Southeast: 6,348). Mean waiting times for diagnosis and treatment were 11 and 8 months, respectively. Only 46% of PAP treatments were publicly funded, making legal injunctions and out-of-pocket expenditure common practices.
conclusionsThis study revealed significant disparities in OSA diagnosis and treatment resources across Brazil, with the North region being particularly underserved. The findings underscore an urgent need for strategies to improve sleep care nationwide. CITATION: Drager LF, Santos RB, Pachito D, Albertini CS, Sert Kuniyoshi FH, Eckeli AL. Inequalities in the access to diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in Brazil: a cross-sectional study.
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