ArticleNature nanotechnology2024
Oral nanotherapeutic formulation of insulin with reduced episodes of hypoglycaemia.
Article in Nature nanotechnology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Re-engineering insulin for oral delivery: structural modifications, advanced formulation strategies, and future directions.Drug delivery · 2026Review
- Biocompatible Nanogels Synthesized via RAFT Polymerization for Long-Acting Onset-Controllable Glucose-Responsive Insulin Delivery in Diabetic Mice.Advanced functional materials · 2026Article
- Engineering core-shell polymer microgels to control the onset of glucose-regulated insulin release.Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition · 2026Article
- Oral hydrogel systems in lower gastrointestinal disorders: From disease-based therapy to microbiota-guided design.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Smart nanomaterials enabling drug delivery and glucose monitoring for diabetes management.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Strategies for overcoming multiple barriers of oral administration of protein and peptide therapeutics.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Review
- Small Intestine-Targeted Long-Acting Oral Insulin Formulation Based on Engineered Milk Protein Nanoparticles.ACS applied bio materials · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle-Based Oral Insulin Delivery: Challenges, Advances, and Future Directions.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Smart Antidiabetic Nanomedicine: A Revolutionized Therapeutic Approach for Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Site-specific adaptive nanovesicles for oral insulin delivery.Science advances · 2025Article
- One-Pot Synthesis of Phenylboronic Acid-Based Microgels for Tunable Gate of Glucose-Responsive Insulin Release at Physiological pH.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The health economics of insulin therapy: How do we address the rising demands, costs, inequalities and barriers to achieving optimal outcomes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Nano-formulations in disease therapy: designs, advances, challenges, and future directions.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- The Transformative Role of Nanotechnology in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from Current Research.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Bioengineering Platelets Presenting PD-L1, Galectin-9 and BTLA to Ameliorate Type 1 Diabetes.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Advance in peptide-based drug development: delivery platforms, therapeutics and vaccines.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Structural information in therapeutic peptides: Emerging applications in biomedicine.FEBS open bio · 2025Review
- Navigating a challenging path: precision disease treatment with tailored oral nano-armor-probiotics.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Critical updates on oral insulin drug delivery systems for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Injectable insulin is an extensively used medication with potential life-threatening hypoglycaemic events. Here we report on insulin-conjugated silver sulfide quantum dots coated with a chitosan/glucose polymer to produce a responsive oral insulin nanoformulation. This formulation is pH responsive, is insoluble in acidic environments and shows increased absorption in human duodenum explants and Caenorhabditis elegans at neutral pH. The formulation is sensitive to glucosidase enzymes to trigger insulin release. It is found that the formulation distributes to the liver in mice and rats after oral administration and promotes a dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose without promoting hypoglycaemia or weight gain in diabetic rodents. Non-diabetic baboons also show a dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose. No biochemical or haematological toxicity or adverse events were observed in mice, rats and non-human primates. The formulation demonstrates the potential to orally control blood glucose without hypoglycaemic episodes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.