Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38168760›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications.

Bashar A F Esmail, Slawomir Koziel, Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska, Dustin Isleifson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Bashar A F EsmailDepartment of Engineering, Reykjavik University, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Slawomir KozielDepartment of Engineering, Reykjavik University, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Anna Pietrenko-DabrowskaFaculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland. anna.dabrowska@pg.edu.pl.
Dustin IsleifsonDepartment of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 5V6, Canada.

Funding

Icelandic Centre for Research 217771Narodowe Centrum Nauki 2020/37/B/ST7/01448
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents a series-fed four-dipole antenna with a broad bandwidth, high gain, and compact size for 5G millimeter wave (mm-wave) applications. The single dipole antenna provides a maximum gain of 6.2 dBi within its operational bandwidth, which ranges from 25.2 to 32.8 GHz. The proposed approach to enhance both gain and bandwidth involves a series-fed antenna design. It comprises four dipoles with varying lengths, and a truncated ground plane. These dipoles are connected in series on both sides, running in parallel through a microstrip line. The proposed design significantly enhances the bandwidth, which extends from 26.5 to 40 GHz. This frequency range effectively covers the 5G bands of 28 and 38 GHz. The expedited trust-region (TR) gradient-based search algorithm is utilized to optimize the dimensions of the antenna components, resulting in a maximum gain of 11.2 dBi at 38 GHz. To further enhance the gain, modified H-shaped metamaterial (MTM)-based unit cells are integrated into the antenna substrate. The TR algorithm is employed once more to optimize the MTM dimensions, yielding a maximum gain of 15.1 dBi at 38 GHz. The developed system is experimentally validated, showing excellent agreement between the simulated and measured data.

Identifiers

PMID38168760
PMCPMC10761823

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.