Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38167924›Full record

SynthesisProstate cancer and prostatic diseases2024

Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

David E Hinojosa-Gonzalez, Affan Zafar, Gal Saffati, Shane Kronstedt, Dimitar V Zlatev, Mohit Khera

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Psychosocial factors associated with perceived cognitive functioning in prostate cancer survivors: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

David E Hinojosa-GonzalezDepartment of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. David.Hinojosa-Gonzalez@bcm.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-0233-0607
Affan ZafarScott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Gal SaffatiDepartment of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-3053-5828
Shane KronstedtDepartment of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0757-451X
Dimitar V ZlatevScott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Mohit KheraDepartment of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProstate cancer is a prevalent disease that urgently needs to address its treatment-related complications. By examining existing evidence on the association between Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) and dementia, this study contributes to the understanding of potential risks. We sought to analyze the currently available evidence regarding the risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients undergoing ADT.

methodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed to identify studies published from the databases' inception to April 2023. Studies were identified through systematic review to facilitate comparisons between studies with and without some degree of controls for biases affecting distinctions between ADT receivers and non-ADT receivers. This review identified 305 studies, with 28 meeting the inclusion criteria. Heterogeneity was assessed using Higgins I2%. Variables with an I2 over 50% were considered heterogeneous and analyzed using a Random-Effects model. Otherwise, a Fixed-Effects model was employed.

resultsA total of 28 studies were included for analysis. Out of these, only 1 study did not report the number of patients. From the remaining 27 studies, there were a total of 2,543,483 patients, including 900,994 with prostate cancer who received ADT, 1,262,905 with prostate cancer who did not receive ADT, and 334,682 patients without prostate cancer who did not receive ADT. This analysis revealed significantly increased Hazard Ratios (HR) of 1.20 [1.11, 1.29], p < 0.00001 for dementia, HR 1.26 [1.10, 1.43], p = 0.0007 for Alzheimer's Disease, HR 1.66 [1.40, 1.97], p < 0.00001 for depression, and HR 1.57 [1.31, 1.88], p < 0.00001 for Parkinson's Disease. The risk of vascular dementia was HR 1.30 [0.97, 1.73], p < 0.00001.

conclusionBased on the analysis of the currently available evidence, it suggests that ADT significantly increases the risk of dementia, AD, PD, and depression.

Indexed as

Androgen AntagonistsProstatic NeoplasmsDementiaHumansMaleNeurocognitive DisordersAndrogen Antagonists

Identifiers

PMID38167924

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.