Trial reportNature communications2024
Bipolar androgen therapy plus nivolumab for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: the COMBAT phase II trial.
Trial report in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03554317 (COMbination of Bipolar Androgen Therapy and Nivolumab in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
COMbination of Bipolar Androgen Therapy and Nivolumab in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A meta-analysis and reconstructed individual patient data analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- Phase II trial of multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor ESK981 in combination with PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.Investigational new drugs · 2024Trial
- Current landscape and emerging trends of PD-1/PD-L1 research in prostate cancer: A data-driven atlas from multidatabase integration.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Tumor‑immune spatiotemporal co‑evolution: A new paradigm for understanding and overcoming therapy resistance in metastatic castration‑resistant prostate cancer (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Bipolar Androgen Therapy as a Potential Mechanistic Bridge to Enhance PARP Inhibitor Efficacy in Prostate Cancer.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- HLA Class I Expression Is Associated with Increased Immune Cell Density and PTEN Loss in Prostate Cancer.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2026Article
- Castration Resistance Accelerates Prostate Cancer Kinetics.The Prostate · 2026Article
- Pan-cancer analysis of spatial transcriptomics reveals heterogeneous tumor spatial microenvironment.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Testosterone and cancers: biological functions, molecular mechanisms and therapy.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Tumor-immune spatiotemporal co-evolution as a paradigm for overcoming therapy resistance in advanced prostate cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Precision Medicine in Prostate Cancer with a Focus on Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Targeting androgen receptor signaling to enhance cancer immunotherapy.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2025Review
- The Novel Direct AR Target Gene Annexin A2 Mediates Androgen-Induced Cellular Senescence in Prostate Cancer Cells.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Directed Evolution Restored Castrate Sensitivity in a Patient With Castrate Resistant Metastatic Prostate Cancer.The Prostate · 2025Article
- The intricate interplay between circadian rhythm, androgen signaling, hormone therapy, and cellular senescence in prostate cancer.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Review
- New frontiers in prostate cancer treatment from systemic therapy to targeted therapy.EMBO molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Two Decades of Disease Evolution and Biomarker-Guided Clinical Decision Making in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Combining Spatial Transcriptomics, Pseudotime, and Machine Learning Enables Discovery of Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer.Cancer research · 2025Article
- Precision Targeting in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Molecular Insights to Therapeutic Frontiers.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cyclic high-dose testosterone administration, known as bipolar androgen therapy (BAT), is a treatment strategy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Here, we report the results of a multicenter, single arm Phase 2 study (NCT03554317) enrolling 45 patients with heavily pretreated mCRPC who received BAT (testosterone cypionate, 400 mg intramuscularly every 28 days) with the addition of nivolumab (480 mg intravenously every 28 days) following three cycles of BAT monotherapy. The primary endpoint of a confirmed PSA
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.