ArticleNature communications2024
Injectable hydrogel electrodes as conduction highways to restore native pacing.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Advances in Biomimetic Hydrogels for Bioelectronics and Human-Machine Interactions.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Spiderweb-inspired electronically conductive hygroscopic adhesive for chronic bioelectronic interface.Science advances · 2026Article
- Programmable Hydrogels for Surgical Interface Control: Function-Based Design, DNA-Based Molecular Modules, and Translational Evaluation.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Feasibility of pulsed field ablation in the coronary venous system using a linear multielectrode catheter: a preclinical study in a swine model.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026Article
- The Impact of Biomaterial Charge on Cells' Bioelectrical Signaling.Cells, tissues, organs · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-integrated multimodal physiological and modulation systems.Materials horizons · 2026Review
- A surgical epicardial approach to mapping and ablation in large animal models.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026Article
- Current trends, applications, and challenges in three-dimensional bioprinting for cardiovascular disease models and therapies.iScience · 2026Review
- Multiscale Engineering of Ion-Conducting Gels for Sustainable Bioelectronic Systems.Small methods · 2026Review
- Recent Achievements of Epicardial Patch Electronics Using Adhesive and Conductive Hydrogels.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Novel Electroactive Therapeutic Platforms for Cardiac Arrhythmia Management.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Injectable ionic hydrogel conductors: Advancing material design to transform cardiac pacing.Biomaterials · 2025Article
- Implantable bioelectronic devices for photoelectrochemical and electrochemical modulation of cells and tissues.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Design of PEG-Based Hydrogels as Soft Ionic Conductors.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- In situ assembly of an injectable cardiac stimulator.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Tailor-Made Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Review
- One-Dimensional Implantable Sensors for Accurately Monitoring Physiological and Biochemical Signals.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is an urgent clinical need for a treatment regimen that addresses the underlying pathophysiology of ventricular arrhythmias, the leading cause of sudden cardiac death. The current report describes the design of an injectable hydrogel electrode and successful deployment in a pig model with access far more refined than any current pacing modalities allow. In addition to successful cardiac capture and pacing, analysis of surface ECG tracings and three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping revealed a QRS morphology comparable to native sinus rhythm, strongly suggesting the hydrogel electrode captures the deep septal bundle branches and Purkinje fibers. In an ablation model, electroanatomic mapping data demonstrated that the activation wavefront from the hydrogel reaches the mid-myocardium and endocardium much earlier than current single-point pacing modalities. Such uniform activation of broad swaths of tissue enables an opportunity to minimize the delayed myocardial conduction of heterogeneous tissue that underpins re-entry. Collectively, these studies demonstrate the feasibility of a new pacing modality that most closely resembles native conduction with the potential to eliminate lethal re-entrant arrhythmias and provide painless defibrillation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.