ArticleBMC pharmacology & toxicology2024
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of perfluoropropane after intra-venous bolus injection of perflutren lipid microsphere injection (DEFINITY®) in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Article in BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and liver ultrasound imaging characteristics of a novel perfluoropropane microbubble in Chinese volunteers.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Article
- Safety of contrast-enhanced ultrasound using microbubbles in human pregnancy: A scoping review.Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980) · 2025Article
- Identifying new therapeutics for focused ultrasound-enhanced drug delivery in the management of glioblastoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- A real-world pharmacovigilance study of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) events for Definity.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveDefinity is an ultrasound contrast agent consisting of phospholipids-encapsulated perfluoropropane (PFP), also known as perflutren, microspheres, which is initially designed to enhance echocardiographic ultrasound images. With no pharmacologic action, Definity can increase the backscatter of ultrasound resulting enhanced ultrasound signals. The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics (PKs), Pharmacodynamics (PDs) and safety of Definity in healthy male and female Chinese volunteers.
methodsA simple GC-MS method was developed and applied to simultaneously quantify PFP both in human whole blood and in expired air using Perfluorobutane (PFB) as internal standard. Meanwhile, the blood microbubble Doppler intensities were continuously monitored as companion PDs by a Doppler ultrasonography system using a non-imaging method.
resultsAfter intravenous infusion of 10 µL/kg of PFP within 30 seconds, the mean AUC
conclusionThe pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Definity in blood and expired air were systematically evaluated for the first time in this study. The PK/PD analysis results of this trial showed that the change of blood concentration was related to the change process of Doppler signal intensity, the trend of the two was close and expired air are the main excretion pathways of Definity. Definity was well tolerated by all subjects in the trial.
trial registrationThis study was registered on 08 December 2017 at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (CTR20171087).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.