Observational studyBMC cardiovascular disorders2024
Cut-off value for interleukin-34 as an additional potential inflammatory biomarker for estimation of slow coronary flow risk.
Observational study in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Inflammation mediated glycolipid dysregulation in coronary microvascular disease pathogenesis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association Between Inflammation Indices Derived From Complete Blood Count and Coronary Artery Calcification.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Emerging Predictors by Non-HDL-C/HDL-C Ratio and Novel Biomarkers for Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2024Review
- Neutrophil Percentage to Albumin Ratio as a Predictor for Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon in Patients with Myocardial Ischemia with No Obstructive Coronary Arteries.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- Association Between Systemic Inflammation Response Index and Slow Coronary Flow Phenomenon in Patients with Ischemia and No Obstructive Coronary Arteries.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- Correlation between admission blood glucose, fibrinogen, and slow blood flow during primary PCI for acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundInflammatory markers may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of slow coronary flow (SCF), including subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction. Interleukin-34 (IL-34), known for its role in immuno-inflammatory diseases, might hold significance in SCF. We aimed to explore the potential association between IL-34 and SCF in patients undergoing diagnostic elective coronary angiography.
methodsThis observational, cross-sectional study enrolled 256 participants: 124 with SCF and 132 with normal coronary flow (NCF). All participants had undergone outpatient coronary angiography for suspected coronary artery disease. SCF assessment employed the TIMI frame count (TFC) for quantifying coronary flow rate.
resultsSCF patients exhibited significantly elevated TFC in all three major coronary arteries compared to controls (p < 0.05). IL-34 displayed a noteworthy positive correlation with average TFC [for all participants: r = 0.514, p < 0.001; for SCF patients: r = 0.526, p < 0.001; for normal controls: r = -0.288, p > 0.05]. Similarly, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) showed a significant and positive relationship with average TFC [for all participants: r = 0.504, p < 0.001; for SCF patients: r = 0.558, p < 0.001; for normal controls: r = -0.148, p > 0.05]. SCF patients presented coronary arteries of larger size compared to controls.
conclusionMean coronary diameter and IL-34 emerged as independent predictors of SCF. Additionally, hsCRP, mean coronary diameter, and IL-34 exhibited a positive correlation with mean TFC values. IL-34 appears to be a more effective indicator than hsCRP in SCF patients.
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