SynthesisBMC musculoskeletal disorders2024
Risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia in hip fracture patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of a routine blood test-based model to predict in-hospital postoperative pulmonary infection in older patients with hip fracture.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Prevalence and associated risk factors of pneumonia following surgery for geriatric osteoporotic fracture: A nationwide cross-sectional study of China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- [Pertrochanteric fractures].Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Period-Specific Determinants of Mortality After Geriatric Hip Fracture: Insights into Inflammation, Comorbidity and Surgical Timing.Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Risk factors for pneumonia, hepatic encephalopathy, and acute kidney injury in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Frailty and femoral periprosthetic fractures around the hip: outcomes in nonagenarians.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Article
- Preoperative identification of low-risk patients for major complications after acute hip fracture surgery in geriatric patients: an observational cohort study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Observational
- Effect of hospital-acquired complications on hospital length of stay and cost for older adults after a hip fracture in New South Wales, Australia.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Article
- Hip fractures: femoral neck versus trochanteric fractures, baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes.Bone & joint open · 2025Article
- Bidirectional Relationship Between Hypoalbuminemia and Postoperative Pneumonia in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Article
- Clinical, laboratory, and hospital factors associated with preoperative complications in Peruvian older adults with hip fracture.PloS one · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to systematically assess the incidence and risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in hip fracture patients by meta-analysis.
methodsSystematically searched four English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, and Web Of Science) and four Chinese databases (CNKI, CQVIP, Sinomed, and WAN FANG) from inception until 20 November 2023. All studies involving risk factors of HAP in patients with hip fractures were considered. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. The results were presented with the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
resultsOf 35 articles (337,818 patients) included in this study, the incidence of HAP was 89 per 1000 cases. Twenty-three risk factors were eventually involved in the meta-analysis, and 21 risk factors were significant. Our study has identified four significant risk factors (advanced age, preoperative time, COPD, and hypoalbuminemia) associated with HAP, as follows: Advanced age as a continuous variable (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.10), Advanced age > 70 years (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.77-3.09), Advanced age > 80 years (OR 2.98, 95% CI 2.06-4.31), Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR 3.44, 95% CI 2.83-4.19), Time from injury to operation as a continuous variable (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.07-1.12), Time from injury to operation ≥48 h (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.88-4.48), Hypoalbuminemia < 3.0 g/dL (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.93-4.73), and Hypoalbuminemia < 3.5 g/dL (OR 2.68, 95% CI 2.15-3.36). However, it is important to note that all the studies included in our research were retrospective in nature, which introduces certain limitations to the level of evidence and the ability to establish causal inferences. DISCUSSION: Patients who have suffered hip fractures are at an increased risk of developing postoperative hospital-acquired pneumonia, which can lead to prolonged hospital stays and adverse clinical outcomes. Consequently, the identification of these risk factors offers novel insights and methodologies for healthcare professionals in terms of both prevention and treatment.
trial registrationRegistration number: INPLASY2022100091.
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