ArticlePloS one2024
HIV prevalence and awareness among adults presenting for enrolment into a study of people at risk for HIV in Kisumu County, Western Kenya.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Urethral and Rectal STIs Among a Cross-Sectional Sample Men Who Have Sex With Men.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- Paracrine signals from HIV-1-infected immune cells reprogram cervical cancer pathways.iScience · 2026Article
- Willingness of volunteers in an HIV incidence cohort to participate in a future HIV vaccine trial in Kisumu County, Kenya.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Loss to Follow-Up and Visit Nonadherence in an HIV Incidence Cohort in Kisumu, Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- COVID-19-Related Transformations and Post-Pandemic Recovery for Informal Food Vendors in Secondary Cities: A Case of Kisumu City, Kenya.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- HIV viral non-suppression and drug resistance among persons who inject drugs on dolutegravir antiretroviral therapy in Kenya.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- HIV incidence among sexually active young males and females in Kisumu County, Western Kenya.PloS one · 2026Article
- HIV Knowledge, Information Sources, and Perceived Risk among Reproductive-Aged Individuals in Kisumu, Kenya: A Latent Profile Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Profiles of Sexual Economic Exchanges among Women in Kisumu, Kenya: A Latent Class Analysis.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Measuring the uptake of clinic-based HIV treatment and prevention services following HIV testing and referral at private pharmacies in Kenya.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to SARS-CoV-2 prevention in Kenya.Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Article
- A comparison of all-cause and HIV cause-specific mortality among children under 5 years of age before and during COVID-19 in Kenya, 2018-2022.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Examining and classifying reasons for missing viral loads among adults living with HIV: An extended outcome investigation and ascertainment approach in Western Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDespite declines in new HIV diagnoses both globally and in Kenya, parts of Western Kenya still report high HIV prevalence and incidence. We evaluated HIV prevalence to inform the development of policies for strategic and targeted HIV prevention interventions.
methodsAdult participants aged 18-35 years were recruited in Kisumu County and screened for HIV for a prospective HIV incidence cohort. Questionnaires assessed HIV-associated risk behaviors. Participants who tested positive for HIV were disaggregated into groups based on prior knowledge of their HIV status: previously-diagnosed and newly-diagnosed. In separate analyses by prior knowledge, robust Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors potentially associated with a positive HIV test in each group, as compared to participants without HIV.
resultsOf 1059 participants tested for HIV, 196 (18.5%) had a positive HIV test. Among PLWH, 78 (39.8%) were newly diagnosed with HIV at screening. After adjusting for other variables, previously-diagnosed HIV was more common among females than males (PR 2.70, 95%CI 1.69-4.28), but there was no observed sex difference in newly-diagnosed HIV prevalence (PR 1.05, 95%CI 0.65-1.69). Previously-diagnosed HIV was also more common among people reporting consistent use of condoms with primary sexual partners as compared to inconsistent condom use (PR 3.19, 95%CI 2.09-4.86), but newly-diagnosed HIV was not associated with such a difference between consistent and inconsistent condom use (PR 0.73, 95%CI 0.25-2.10).
conclusionPrevalence of newly-diagnosed HIV was high, at approximately 8% of participants, and not statistically different between genders, highlighting the need for improved HIV case finding regardless of sex. The higher prevalence of previously-diagnosed HIV in female participants may reflect higher rates of HIV testing through more encounters with the healthcare system. Higher prevalence of consistent condom use amongst those previously-diagnosed suggests behavioral change to reduce HIV transmission, a potential benefit of policies to facilitate earlier HIV diagnosis.
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