ArticleNeurology2024
Characteristics, Prevalence, and Clinical Relevance of Juxtacortical Paramagnetic Rims in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.
Erratum issuedOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis: 25 years of progress, remaining challenges and future directions.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Highly Active Multiple Sclerosis at the Time of Disease Diagnosis: Prevalence Data and Clinical Implications.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Demyelinated lesion associated compartmental inflammation in progressive multiple sclerosis brains.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Recent developments in multiple sclerosis neuropathology.Current opinion in neurology · 2025Review
- Broad rim lesions are a new pathological and imaging biomarker for rapid disease progression in multiple sclerosis.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Subcortical plaques and inflammation reflect cortical and meningeal pathologies in progressive multiple sclerosis.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Chronic active lesions preferentially localize in watershed territories in multiple sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Multiparametric Characterization and Spatial Distribution of Different MS Lesion Phenotypes.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024Article
- Characteristics, Prevalence, and Clinical Relevance of Juxtacortical Paramagnetic Rims in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology · 2024Article
- Contribution of new and chronic cortical lesions to disability accrual in multiple sclerosis.Brain communications · 2024Article
- Chronic active lesions in multiple sclerosis: classification, terminology, and clinical significance.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Riccardo GalbuseraFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-3092-8737
Erik BahnFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0009-0002-9747-0211
Matthias WeigelFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-4910-1414
Alessandro CagolFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-7703-0553
Po-Jui LuFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-6031-6865
Sabine A SchaedelinFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-1150-0962
Jonas FranzFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-7523-6622
Muhamed BarakovicFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-8557-9223
Reza RahmanzadehFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-5091-0585
Peter DechentFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.
Govind NairFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-3725-615X
Wolfgang BrückFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-6881-4479
Jens KuhleFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-6963-8892
Ludwig KapposFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-4175-5509
Christine StadelmannFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-1766-5458
Cristina GranzieraFrom the Neurology Clinic and Policlinic (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., L.K., C.G.), Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) Basel (R.G., M.W., A.C., P.-J.L., M.B., J.K., L.K., C.G.), Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology (M.W.), and Department of Clinical Research (S.A.S.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neuropathology (E.B., J.F., W.B., C.S.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology (P.D.), MR-Research in Neurosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.R.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (G.N.), Bethesda, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-4917-8761
University of Bern · CH
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesA subgroup of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) presents focal paramagnetic rims at the border between cortex and white matter (juxtacortical paramagnetic rims [JPRs]). We investigated the presence of this finding in our in vivo MS cohort and explored its potential clinical relevance. Moreover, we exploited postmortem MRI of fixed whole MS brains to (1) detect those rims and (2) investigate their histologic correlation.
methodsQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and magnetization-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient-echo (MP2RAGE) images at 3T-MRI of 165 patients with MS from the in vivo cohort were screened for JPRs and the presence of cortical lesions. Five postmortem brains from patients with MS were imaged with 3T-MRI to obtain QSM and MP2RAGE sequences. Tissue blocks containing JPRs were excised and paraffin-embedded slices stained by immunohistochemistry for myelin basic protein (for myelin) and anti-CR3/43 (for major histocompatibility complex II-positive microglia/macrophages). DAB-Turnbull stain was performed to detect iron.
resultsJPRs are present in approximately 10% of in vivo patients and are associated with increased cortical lesion load. One of the 5 postmortem brains showed JPRs. Histologically, JPRs correspond to an accumulation of activated iron-laden phagocytes and are associated with demyelination of the whole overlying cortical ribbon. DISCUSSION: JPRs are a novel potential MRI biomarker of focal cortical demyelination, which seems related to global cortical pathology and might be useful for diagnostic and stratification purposes in a clinical setting.
Indexed as
Clinical RelevanceMultiple SclerosisAutopsyHumansIronPrevalenceIron
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.