ReviewHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2024
Recent Advances in Understanding Peripheral and Gut Immune Cell-Mediated Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Nephropathy.
Review in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Controversies of Sodium-Induced Hypertension: A Multi-Systemic Perspective.Nutrients · 2026Review
- A sodium-HIF1α axis coordinates immune metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial remodeling in salt-sensitive hypertension.Research square · 2026Article
- Corn silk extract as a prebiotic exerts antihypertensive effects via gut microbiota modulation in hypertensive rats.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Beyond Blood Pressure: Salt Sensitivity as a Cardiorenal Phenotype-A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advances in research on the mechanisms of anti-inflammation of silybin: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The SGK1/ENaC axis in renal injury during salt-sensitive hypertension: from sodium sensing to inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The multifaceted impact of a high-salt environment on the immune system and its contribution to salt-sensitive hypertension.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Aging and sex differences in salt sensitivity of blood pressure.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Review
- pH-responsive nano-vaccine combined with anti-PD-1 antibodies for enhanced immunotherapy of breast cancer.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Effect of fruits granola (Frugra®) consumption on blood pressure reduction and intestinal microbiome in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- Contemporary Perspectives on the Role of Vitamin D in Enhancing Gut Health and Its Implications for Preventing and Managing Intestinal Diseases.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Unraveling the gut microbiota's role in salt-sensitive hypertension: current evidences and future directions.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hypertension is the primary modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular, renal, and cerebrovascular diseases and is considered the main contributing factor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 50% of hypertensive and 25% of normotensive people exhibit salt sensitivity of blood pressure, which is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Human and animal studies demonstrate that the immune system plays an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of salt sensitivity of blood pressure, kidney damage, and vascular diseases. Antigen-presenting and adaptive immune cells are implicated in salt-sensitive hypertension and salt-induced renal and vascular injury. Elevated sodium activates antigen-presenting cells to release proinflammatory cytokines including IL (interleukin) 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and accumulate isolevuglandin-protein adducts. In turn, these activate T cells release prohypertensive cytokines including IL-17A. Moreover, high-salt intake is associated with gut dysbiosis, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and blood pressure elevation but the mechanistic contribution to salt-sensitivity of blood pressure is not clearly understood. Here, we discuss recent advances in research investigating the cause, potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for salt-sensitive hypertension as they pertain to the gut microbiome, immunity, and inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.