ArticlePsychiatry investigation2023
Problematic Use of Internet Among Indonesia University Students: Psychometric Evaluation of Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form.
Article in Psychiatry investigation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychometric Validation of the Social Media Fatigue Scale and Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users Among Indonesian University Students.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Article
- Development and Effectiveness of Humanities-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Adolescents With Problematic Gaming Behavior.Psychiatry investigation · 2026Article
- Indonesian Validation of the YouTube Addiction Scale Among Young Adults.Psychiatry investigation · 2025Article
- Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale: Psychometric Evidence Across Nine Asian Regions Using Advanced Analytic Methods.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- COVID-19-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Relation With Social Media Addiction Among University Students: Mediating Role of Fear of Missing Out.Psychiatry investigation · 2024Article
- Validation of the Thai Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) among young adults.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSocial media addiction and internet gaming disorder may cause mental health problems among a minority of university students. The Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and the 9-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF) are commonly used worldwide. However, they have not been translated or validated into Indonesian. The present study aimed to translate and validate the BSMAS and IGDS9-SF in an Indonesian context among young adults.
methodsA multi-center, web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 458 university students (74% female; mean age 22.5 years) in Indonesia from June to December 2021. The BSMAS and IGDS9-SF were translated into Indonesian. Internal consistency (using Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω) and factor structure (using confirmatory factor analysis) of the two instruments were examined. Concurrent validity of BSMAS and IGDS9-SF was examined using their correlations with two external concepts: nomophobia and psychological distress.
resultsInternal consistency of the Indonesian BSMAS and IGDS9-SF were both acceptable (Cronbach's α=0.80 and 0.90; McDonald's ω=0.86 and 0.92). Both instruments were unidimensional with good factor loadings (0.54-0.78 for BSMAS; 0.63-0.79 for IGDS9-SF). Moreover, BSMAS and IGDS9-SF had stronger associations with nomophobia (r=0.58 and 0.12; p<0.001) than with psychological distress (r=0.43 and 0.15; p<0.001).
conclusionThe Indonesian versions of the BSMAS and IGDS9-SF had good psychometric properties in terms of linguistic validity, unidimensionality, and reliability. The findings indicate the tools are appropriate for assessing the risk of social media addiction and internet gaming disorder among university students in Indonesia.
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