ReviewEco-Environment & Health2024
A review of sources, pathways, and toxic effects of human exposure to benzophenone ultraviolet light filters.
Review in Eco-Environment & Health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intra-individual variability of urinary non-persistent chemical concentrations during pregnancy in the ECHO Cohort.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Paternal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Couples' Pregnancy Outcomes: A Qualitative Review of the Literature.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- Advances in Analytical Methods for the Extraction and Quantification of Benzophenones in Breast Milk and Infant Formula: A Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Association of exposure to synthetic phenols and metal(loid)s with early puberty in Spanish girls: a multicentric case-control study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Transplacental transfer efficiency of environmental chemicals in association with gestational diabetes mellitus.Environment international · 2025Article
- Suspect screening of bisphenol A (BPA) structural analogues and functional alternatives in human milk from Canada and South Africa.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Chemical Prioritisation for Human Biomonitoring in Ireland: A Synergy of Global Frameworks and Local Perspectives.Toxics · 2025Article
- The Toxicological Impact of the Ultraviolet Filter Oxybenzone on Antioxidant Profiles in In Vitro Cultures ofToxics · 2025Article
- Preliminary Study on the Positive Expression Regulation of Alpha2-Macroglobulin in the Testicular Tissue of Male Mice by Environmental Estrogens.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Migration of Chemical Compounds from Packaging Materials into Packaged Foods: Interaction, Mechanism, Assessment, and Regulations.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Association of Phenols, Parabens, and Their Mixture with Maternal Blood Pressure Measurements in the PROTECT Cohort.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Relationship between the use of hair products and urine benzophenone-3: the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) cycle 4.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Benzophenone ultraviolet light filters (BPs) are high-production-volume chemicals extensively used in personal care products, leading to widespread human exposure. Given their estrogenic properties, the potential health risks associated with exposure to BPs have become a public health concern. This review aims to summarize sources and pathways of exposure to BPs and associated health risks. Dermal exposure, primarily through the use of sunscreens, constitutes a major pathway for BP exposure. At a recommended application rate, dermal exposure of BP-3 via the application of sunscreens may reach or exceed the suggested reference dose. Other exposure pathways to BPs, such as drinking water, seafood, and packaged foods, contribute minimal to the overall dose. Inhalation is a minor pathway of exposure; however, its contribution cannot be ignored. Human exposure to BPs is an order of magnitude higher in North America than in Asia and Europe. Studies conducted on laboratory animals and cells have consistently demonstrated the toxic effects of BP exposure. BPs are estrogenic and elicit reproductive and developmental toxicities. Furthermore, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and carcinogenicity have been reported from chronic BP exposure. In addition to animal and cell studies, epidemiological investigations have identified associations between BPs and couples' fecundity and other reproductive disorders, as well as adverse birth outcomes. Further studies are urgently needed to understand the risks posed by BPs on human health.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.