ArticleCureus2023
A Comprehensive Analysis of Phytochemical Composition, Acute Toxicity Assessment, and Antioxidant Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya Seeds.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fruit Seeds with Functional Applications: From Food Waste to Potential Uses.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Complementary neuroprotective effects of semaglutide and papaya in diabetic encephalopathy via antioxidant and insulin-signaling pathways.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Protective effect ofFrontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Various parts ofFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Comprehensive Bioactive Compound Profiling ofDrug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCarica papaya seeds are rich in phytochemicals with potential health benefits, warranting safety and antioxidant assessments. This study comprehensively examined the ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds (EECPS) to elucidate its phytochemical composition, acute toxicity profile, and antioxidant activity.
methodsPhytochemical analysis of EECPS revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, proteins, glycosides, and saponins. Additionally, the presence of sulfuric acid was confirmed. Acute toxicity assessment involved oral administration of EECPS at 2000mg/kg body weight to Wistar rats, with a 14-day observation period. General parameters, body weight changes, and histopathological examination of kidney and liver tissues were evaluated. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of EECPS was compared to that of gallic acid.
resultsPhytochemical analysis confirmed the diverse composition of EECPS, suggesting its potential health benefits and biological activity. Acute toxicity assessment revealed no adverse effects, with rats exhibiting normal behavior, weight stability, and no histopathological abnormalities in vital organs. The gallic acid IC50 value was determined to be 5.73±0.02 µg/mL, indicating its antioxidant potency. EECPS exhibited antioxidant properties in a dose-dependent manner, with higher concentrations demonstrating increased DPPH free radical quenching capacity. The IC50 value for EECPS was calculated from the dose-response curve to be 39.41±1.61 µg/mL (expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM)).
conclusionThe phytochemical analysis of EECPS highlights its diverse composition and potential health benefits. Acute toxicity studies in rats confirm its safety for oral administration, with no adverse effects observed. EECPS exhibits significant antioxidant activity, as indicated by its IC50 value. These findings suggest that EECPS holds promise for therapeutic use and health applications. However, further research is needed to determine its precise antioxidant potential. Subchronic and chronic toxicity studies are recommended to establish its safety profile definitively and unlock its full potential for healthcare and nutrition.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.