ArticleMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids2024
mRNA vaccine trafficking and resulting protein expression after intramuscular administration.
Article in Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploration of biodistribution of mRNA-delivering lipid nanoparticles in the neonatal mouse inner ear.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor as a Fifth Component of Lipid Nanoparticles Enables Lymph Node-Targeting and Augments mRNA Vaccine Efficacy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal control of STING activation and saRNA delivery decouples humoral and cellular immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- New approach methodologies (NAMs) for preclinical and translational evaluation of mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) therapeutics.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Review
- Vectored Immunoprophylaxis for Mucosal Immunity: Advances and Challenges Associated with Recombinant Secretory IgA Expression.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Defining Composition-Cytokine Relationships Enables the Design of Lipid Nanoparticles with Programmed Immunogenicity.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Alphavirus replicase and regulatory RNA elements in host interactions and viral vector engineering.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Article
- An mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticle Platform Encoding the Conserved Outer Membrane Protein BamA Elicits Broadly Cross-Reactive Systemic and Mucosal Antibodies Against Antimicrobial-ResistantbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Biodistribution of mRNA vaccines in rats: Enrichment in injection site and lymph tissues and rapid clearance without tissue persistence.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticle composition directs systemic trafficking and tissue-specific T cell immunity after intramuscular injection.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- mRNA vaccines engage unconventional pathways in CD8Nature · 2026Article
- Review
- Seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine induces stronger innate and comparable or better adaptive responses than licensed inactivated vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and vaccine-related proteins in mice and humans.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Tuning the immune response to mRNA vaccines.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Deciphering the biological fate of mRNA-LNP-based biologics: A perspective from tissue to intracellular distribution.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Programmable lipid nanoparticles for RNA therapeutics: Design principles and clinical translation.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Designing 5' UTR sequences improves the capacity of mRNA therapeutics in preclinical models of aging and obesity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- DNA delivered by lipid nanoparticles induces CD8+ T cell-dependent antitumor responses and enhances anti-PD-L1 therapy.JCI insight · 2026Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The mRNA vaccine route from injection site to critical immunologic tissues, as well as the localization of protein antigen following intramuscular (i.m.) administration, is crucial to generating an effective immune response. Here, we quantified mRNA at the injection site, lymph nodes, and in select tissues. mRNA was primarily present 24 h after administration and then rapidly degraded from local and systemic tissues. Histological analyses of mRNA and expressed protein at the site of administration and in the lymph nodes following i.m. administration of our vaccine in rodents and nonhuman primates (NHPs) were completed, and mRNA and protein expression were detected in tissue resident and infiltrating immune cells at the injection site. In addition, high levels of protein expression were observed within subcapsular and medullary sinus macrophages in draining lymph nodes. More important, results were similar between rodents and NHPs, indicating cross-species similarities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.