ArticleAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2024
Xenotransplantation experiments in brain-dead human subjects-A critical appraisal.
Article in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Porcine xenotransplantation in the clinical era: converging advances and unresolved barriers on the path to clinical translation - a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Xenotransplantation: Promises and Perils.Annual review of medicine · 2026Review
- Brain-dead humans as preclinical reference models for xenotransfusion: bridging nonhuman primates and clinical applications throughFrontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Protocols for Detecting Xenotransplantation-Relevant Viruses.Methods and protocols · 2025Article
- Future Therapy for End-Stage Kidney Failure: Gene-Edited Pig Kidney Xenotransplantation.Kidney medicine · 2025Review
- AAV vector development, back to the future.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Designer Organs: Ethical Genetic Modifications in the Era of Machine Perfusion.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2025Review
- Progress in Porcine Kidney Transplantation to Non-Human Primates.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- 2025: status of cardiac xenotransplantation including preclinical models.Frontiers in transplantation · 2025Review
- Xenotransplantation Research -the Nonhuman Primate Model Is Preferable to the Human Decedent Model.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Pig-to-human kidney xenotransplants using genetically modified minipigs.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- The Time Has Come: The Case for Initiating Pilot Clinical Trials of Pig Kidney Xenotransplantation.Annals of surgery · 2024Article
- Advancements in xenotransplantation: paving the way for revolutionary developments in reconstructive plastic surgery.Acta cirurgica brasileira · 2024Article
- Advancing kidney xenotransplantation with anesthesia and surgery - bridging preclinical and clinical frontiers challenges and prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Brain-dead human subjects (decedents) were recently introduced as a potential preclinical experimental model in xenotransplantation. Brain death is associated with major pathophysiological changes, eg, structural injury and cell infiltration in vital organs, and major hormonal, metabolic, inflammatory, and hemodynamic changes. In 2 of the 3 initial experiments, the design of the experiments resulted in little or no new information becoming available. In the third, the experiment was unfortunately unsuccessful as neither of the 2 pig kidneys transplanted into the decedent functioned adequately. Failure may well have been associated with the effects of brain death, but an immune/inflammatory response to the xenograft could not be excluded. Subsequently, 2 further pig kidney transplants and 2 pig heart transplants have been carried out in human decedents, but again the data obtained do not add much to what is already known. In view of the profound changes that take place during and after brain death, it may prove difficult to determine whether graft failure or dysfunction results from the effects of brain death or from an immune/inflammatory response to the xenograft. A major concern is that, if the results are confusing, they may impact decisions relating to the introduction of clinical xenotransplantation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.