ReviewThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2024
Rapid growth of private hospitals in China: emerging challenges and opportunities to health sector management.
Review in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patient-centered communication in cosmetic eyelid surgery consultations in China: an observational transcript-based E5 study.BMC health services research · 2026Observational
- Spatial heterogeneity of health care resources: a study of the socioeconomic, demographic, and natural geographic conditions of ethnic minority regions in Southwestern China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Economic Evaluation of Multi-Objective Schistosomiasis Control Through Systemic Causality: Theoretical Advances and Governance Implications.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Regional Differences and Dynamic Evolution of High-Quality Medical Resources in China's Private Hospitals from 2017 to 2022.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026Article
- Mobile signaling big data, healthcare-seeking flows, and multidimensional healthcare access in Shanghai: implications for healthcare supply-demand matching and medical security governance.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal coupling coordination between population aging and healthcare resource capacity in China: a provincial-level analysis, 2000-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- A Comparison of Chinese and Korean Older Adult Immigrants' Transnational Healthcare Practices in Toronto, Canada: A Mixed-Methods Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characteristics and risk factors for medical malpractice among obstetric and gynecologic physicians in China.BMC health services research · 2025Observational
- Spatiotemporal dynamics and driving factors of human resources for health in traditional Chinese medicine in China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Geographic variations, temporal trends, and equity in healthcare resource allocation in China, 2010-21.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Inpatient autopsy rate and associated factors in a Chinese megacity: a population-based retrospective cohort study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- The impact of hospital competition on healthcare quality: evidence from China's healthcare reform.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Spatio-temporal evolution of financial sustainability in Chinese public hospitals: evidence from provincial panel data (2010-2022).Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The evolution and future trajectory of public hospital reforms with a public-welfare orientation in China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Population mobility : spatial spillover effect of government health expenditure in China.Global health action · 2024Article
- Sociodemographic factors impacting the spatial distribution of private dental clinics in major cities of Peoples Republic of China.International dental journal · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
China's private hospital market has experienced rapid growth over the last decade, with private hospitals now outnumbering public hospitals by a factor of two. This policy analysis uses available data and existing literature to analyze China's rapidly changing hospital market, identify key challenges resulting from rapid private hospital growth, and present recommendations to ensure future sustainable private hospital development in the country. Our analysis shows that while private hospitals outnumber public hospitals, outpatient visits and hospitalizations remain higher among public hospitals, while per-patient expenditure remains higher among private hospitals. Key challenges to private hospital development include limited government financial support, high tax burdens, difficulty in workforce recruitment and retainment, poor government regulation and oversight, and dissipating public trust. Recommendations to address these challenges include opening government contract bidding to private hospitals, creating a system that allows private hospitals to enter national health insurance schemes, reducing tax pressure on private hospitals, defining a legal system for market entry and exit of private hospitals, improving a system of supervision, and monitoring and evaluation of private hospital operation and performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.