ArticleTranslational issues in psychological science2023
Bilingual problem size effect: an ERP study of multiplication verification and production in two languages.
Article in Translational issues in psychological science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Baseline mathematical aptitude attenuates group differences in posterior P300 during arithmetic verification in high school athletes.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Neural Basis of Simple Arithmetic Processing in a Native and Second Language.Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Arithmetic in the Bilingual Brain: Language of Learning and Language Experience Effects on Simple Arithmetic in Children and Adults.Mind, brain and education : the official journal of the International Mind, Brain, and Education Society · 2024Article
- Arithmetic in two languages: Localizing simple multiplication processing in the adult bilingual brain.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Translational Approaches to Bilingualism and Multilingualism Research.Translational issues in psychological science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The problem size effect (PSE) is defined by better performance solving small problems (e.g., 2x4) than large problems (e.g., 8x9). For monolinguals, the PSE is larger when problems are presented in unfamiliar formats (e.g., written words), reflecting increased processing difficulty. Bilinguals are typically faster and more accurate at retrieving multiplication facts in the language of learning (LA+) than in their other language (LA-). We hypothesized that the less familiar arithmetic language (i.e., LA-) would elicit larger PSEs than LA+. Here, fluent Spanish-English bilingual adults verified spoken multiplication problems presented in LA+ and LA- while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded (Experiment 1A). To further promote language differences, we increased task difficulty by presenting problems at a faster pace (Experiment 1B) and requiring bilinguals to verbally produce solutions (Experiment 2). Language differences in performance were only observed for Experiment 2, where solutions were produced more slowly in LA- than LA+. In the ERPs, a PSE was driven by larger P300s for small than large solutions. A language effect was only observed under time pressure where LA- elicited a PSE at the 2
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.