ArticleESC heart failure2024
Kidney and heart failure events are bidirectionally associated in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Article in ESC heart failure, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Renal Biomarkers and Prognosis in HFpEF and HFrEF: The Role of Albuminuria and eGFR-A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Dyspnea in heart failure: pathophysiology, clinical assessment, and evidence from clinical trials.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
- Urinary potassium/urinary creatinine ratio in outpatients with heart failure: factors associated and prognostic implications.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Factors Predicting Diuretic Resistance in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2026Article
- Procedural and Device Neutrality of Post-TAVI Renal Outcomes: A Multivariable Analysis of Valve Type, Size, and Anatomy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Congestion, decongestion, renal function, and diuretics in (ESC) heart failure-what's new?ESC heart failure · 2026Article
- Worsening Kidney Function and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and Atherosclerotic Disease.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Heart Failure and Comorbidities (Chronic Kidney Disease, Diabetes, Obesity) Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach.Cardiorenal medicine · 2026Review
- Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in severe estimated glomerular filtration rate deterioration across cardiovascular-kidney- metabolic conditions: A pooled analysis of randomized trials.European journal of heart failure · 2025Article
- Urinary markers in heart failure - types, timing and thresholds. European Journal of Heart Failure expert consensus document.European journal of heart failure · 2025Review
- Chinese visceral adiposity index predicts all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Synthesis and swelling studies of modified chitosan smart hydrogels containing alkyl sulfonate anionic pendant groups as microparticles for insulin release.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- 2024 update in heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2025Review
- Diabetes Modifies the Association between Renal Function and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Heart Failure Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Research in heart yield and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Kidney and heart failure events are bidirectionally associated in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.ESC heart failure · 2024Article
- Conceptualizing Treatment Strategies for Diabetic Kidney Disease: the Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment.Juntendo Iji zasshi = Juntendo medical journal · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsThis study aimed to evaluate the bidirectional relationship between kidney and cardiovascular (CV) events in trial participants with type 2 diabetes and CV disease. METHODS AND
resultsPost hoc analyses of EMPA-REG OUTCOME using Cox regression models were performed to assess the association of baseline factors with risk of a kidney event and bidirectional associations of incident kidney events and CV events. Among placebo-treated participants, baseline factors significantly associated with greater kidney event risk included lower baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, higher uric acid, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and prior heart failure (HF). Coronary artery disease was not associated with increased risk. In placebo-treated participants, occurrence of an incident non-fatal kidney event increased the subsequent risk of hospitalization for HF (HHF) but not 3-point major adverse CV events (non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and CV death). Vice versa, HHF (but not myocardial infarction/stroke) increased the risk of subsequent kidney events. These associations were generally also seen in empagliflozin-treated participants and in the overall population. Interestingly, the risk of kidney events following HHF was not significantly increased in the relatively small number of placebo-treated participants already diagnosed with HF at baseline.
conclusionsThese findings demonstrate a bidirectional inter-relationship between HHF and kidney events. Further exploration of this relationship and strategies to optimize the use of therapies to reduce both kidney and HF outcomes is warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.