ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2023
Eye Size and Shape in Relation to Refractive Error in Children: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding the link between ocular shape and myopia: a systematic review.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- Exploratory multivariate adaptive regression splines modeling of myopic progression in children receiving atropine.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Changes in Relative Peripheral Refraction During Childhood Myopia Onset: A 3-year Prospective Observation.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Observational
- Power Profiles of an Extended Depth of Focus Contact Lens for Myopia Management.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- The Eye-Brain Axis in High Myopia: From Retinal Deformation to Cortical Network Reorganization.Eye and brain · 2026Review
- Interocular Posterior Retinal Curvature Asymmetry and Its Relationship With Myopic Differences in Anisometropic Children.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Fundus Refraction Offset as an Individualized Myopia Biomarker.JAMA ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Interocular Differences in Retinal Curvature in Anisometropic Patients and Their Association With Myopic Degree Differences.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Can fundus features tell us something about 3D eye shape?Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Volume of Eyes With Pathologic Myopia Using 3D MRI.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Posterior Eye Shape in Myopia.Ophthalmology scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between eye shape and volume measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical biometry and with spherical equivalent (SE) in children. Methods: For this study, there were 3637 10-year-old children from a population-based birth-cohort study that underwent optical biometry (IOL-master 500) and T2-weighted MRI scanning (height, width, and volume). Cycloplegic refractive error was determined by automated refraction. The MRI images of the eyes were segmented using an automated algorithm combining atlas registration with voxel classification. Associations among optical biometry, anthropometry, MRI measurements, and RE were tested using Pearson correlation. Differences between refractive error groups were tested using ANOVA. Results: The mean volume of the posterior segment was 6350 (±680) mm3. Myopic eyes (SE ≤ -0.5 diopters [D]) had 470 mm3 (P < 0.001) and 970 mm3 (P < 0.001) larger posterior segment volume than emmetropic and hyperopic eyes (SE ≥ +2.0D), respectively. The majority of eyes (77.1%) had an oblate shape, but 47.4% of myopic eyes had a prolate shape versus 3.9% of hyperopic eyes. The correlation between SE and MRI-derived posterior segment length (r -0.51, P < 0.001) was stronger than the correlation with height (r -0.30, P < 0.001) or width of the eye (r -0.10, P < 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, eye shape at 10 years of age was predominantly oblate, even in eyes with myopia. Of all MRI measurements, posterior segment length was most prominently associated with SE. Whether eye shape predicts future myopia development or progression should be investigated in longitudinal studies.
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