ArticleEuropean urology open science2023
Immune Contexture Changes Following Blue Light Cystoscopy with Hexaminolevulinate in Bladder Cancer.
Article in European urology open science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Photodynamic Diagnosis on Immune Cell Infiltration in BCG-treated Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer.European urology open science · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is a central component in the diagnosis of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and can be guided by several optical imaging techniques for better visualization of lesions. Objective: To investigate if a change in tumor microenvironment (TME) composition could be observed as an effect of hexaminolevulinate (HAL)-assisted blue light cystoscopy (BLC) in TURBT samples from patients with bladder cancer. Design setting and participants: This was a retrospective study of 40 patients with bladder cancer who underwent either BLC-guided TURBT ( Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Immune cell infiltration was assessed according to the proportions of each immune cell or immune evasion marker and the relative change from TURBT as baseline was calculated. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or the paired-sample Wilcoxon test. Results and limitations: Comparison of relative changes in the TME revealed a significant decrease in stromal infiltration of cytotoxic T cells ( Conclusions: Our pilot study showed that HAL-BLC during TURBT in bladder cancer may influence the immune cell composition and TME. Patient summary: We investigated the potential therapeutic effect of blue light versus white light for guidance in removing bladder tumors via the urethra in patients with bladder cancer. For blue light guidance, a compound called hexaminolevulinate is used to visualize tumor tissue. We found changes in immune cell composition that may have been influenced by the blue light guidance.
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