Are postprandial glucose responses sufficiently person-specific to use in personalized dietary advice? Design of the RepEAT study: a fully controlled dietary intervention to determine the variation in glucose responses.

Introduction: An elevated postprandial glucose response is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Existing research suggests large heterogeneity in the postprandial glucose responses to identical meals and food products between individuals, but the effect of other consumed meals during the day and the order of meals during the day on the heterogeneity in postprandial glucose responses still needs to be investigated. In addition, the robustness of the glucose responses to meals or foods is still unknown. Objectives: The overall aim of the project is to assess whether the glucose response to a meal is sufficiently person-specific to use in personalized dietary advice. We aim to answer the question: "How replicable are glucose responses to meals within individuals and how consistent is the variation in glucose responses between individuals?" Methods: The question will be assessed under standardized conditions of a 9-week fully controlled dietary intervention in which all meals are the same between individuals and consumed in a fixed order at a fixed time. 63 apparently healthy men and women with a BMI of 25-40 kg/m Discussion: The repetitive and fully controlled nature of the dietary study allows detailed assessment of the replicability of the glucose responses to meals and food products within individuals. Furthermore, the consistency of the variation between individuals independent of insulin resistance will be determined.