ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2023
Prevalence and risk factors associated with Haemophilus ducreyi cutaneous ulcers in Cameroon.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Haemophilus ducreyi Bacteria Causing Cutaneous Ulcer Outbreak in Children, Sierra Leone, December 2025.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Investigation of bacterial agents in yaws-like ulcers in children and their environment in Cameroon: An experience from the Akonolinga Health District.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- High Prevalence of Haemophilus ducreyi Among Patients With Suspected Primary syphilis in Malawi, 2019-2022.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Assessment of the role of Haemophilus ducreyi coinfection on outcomes of Yaws treatment in the southwestern part of Ghana.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- The protein degradation system encoded byInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Detection of Haemophilus ducreyi from environmental and animal samples in Cameroon.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Infections caused byClinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Sequence typing of Haemophilus ducreyi isolated from patients in the Namatanai region of Papua New Guinea: Infections by Class I and Class II strain types differ in ulcer duration and resurgence of infection after azithromycin treatment.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- AInfection and immunity · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epidemics of yaws-like cutaneous ulcers are regularly documented in children in the tropics. They occur mainly in poor and remote communities without access to health facilities. The integration of molecular tools into yaws control efforts has made it possible to describe Haemophilus ducreyi (HD) as a major cause of cutaneous ulcers. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HD as cause of cutaneous ulcers, investigate its presence in asymptomatic individuals and identify associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in yaws endemic districts of Cameroon. Participants included people presenting yaws-like ulcers and asymptomatic individuals. Swab samples were collected from each participant and tested for HD and Treponema pallidum (TP) using an established qPCR method. Additionally, demographic, habitat, proximity, and hygiene characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. A total of 443 individuals participated in the study, including 271 ulcer cases and 172 asymptomatic contacts. The prevalence of HD in ulcers was 30.3% (Confidence Interval (CI) 95% [24.8-35.7]) and the prevalence of asymptomatic HD carriage was 8.6% (CI95% [4.5-12.9]). TP was also detected in our sample among ulcer cases but in lower proportion (5.2% CI95% [2.5-7.8]) compared to HD. The adjusted logistic regression model showed that women were as much at risk of having HD cutaneous ulcer as men regardless of age. Physical proximity to a confirmed ulcer case was the major factor identified favouring HD transmission. HD ulcers were more likely to be present on Bantu individuals compared to Baka as well as HD colonization. These findings highlight HD as the most common cause of cutaneous ulcers in yaws-endemic communities in Cameroon. The exact implications of detecting HD on intact skin are not yet clear. Further studies are needed to understand the significance of this carriage in the spread dynamics of the disease.
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