ReviewFrontiers in physiology2023
Drug transport by red blood cells.
Review in Frontiers in physiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-Erythrocyte Antibody Formation in Individuals With and Without Known Sensitisation Pathways Reflecting Indications for Extended Immunohaematology Screening.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2026Article
- Current Advances in Liver-Targeted Drug Delivery: Synthetic, Biological, and Biomimetic Platforms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Shear-Responsive Red Blood Cell Carriers for Targeted Drug Delivery to Constricted Arteries.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- The extensive erythrocyte-plasma partitioning of trametinib - implications for pharmacokinetic studies and therapeutic drug monitoring.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Manuscript DMD-D-25-00346 The impact of glycocalyx on partitioning and distribution of basic drugs.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2026Article
- The Cross-Species Implantable ATP Battery Inspired by Photosynthesis for Application in Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Smart Cells Against Cancer: Advances in Cell-Based Drug Delivery and Diagnostics.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Probing into 9'-substituted Suzuki-coupled noscapine ionic liquids as potent microtubule targeting anticancer agents with hemoglobin affinity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Development and evaluation of a novel capillary blood collection method for decentralized therapeutic drug monitoring using the True Dose kit.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A comparison between venous blood sampling and capillary volumetric absorptive microsampling for antibiotics levels monitoring in individuals with and without periodontal disease.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Drug Efflux from Erythrocytes Loaded with Corticosteroid Esters.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Erythrocyte based achiral micromotors for localized therapeutic delivery.Journal of biological engineering · 2025Article
- A Microfluidic Approach for Intracellular Delivery into Red Blood Cells: A Deeper Understanding of the Role of Chemical/Rheological Properties of the Cellular Suspension.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Red blood cells could protect miRNAs from degradation or loss thanks to Argonaute 2 binding.FEBS open bio · 2025Article
- Red Blood Cell-Based Delivery Systems for the Release of Hemoglobin-Derived Peptides with In Vitro Antitumor Activities.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Capillary Blood Self-Sampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Mixed-Methods Usability Study of the True DoseBioMed research international · 2025Article
- Efficient and highly reproducible production of red blood cell-derived extracellular vesicle mimetics for the loading and delivery of RNA molecules.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Towards clinical adherence monitoring of oral endocrine breast cancer therapies by LC-HRMS-method development, validation, comparison of four sample matrices, and proof of concept.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Review
- An outer membrane vesicle specific lipoprotein promotesCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review focuses on the role of human red blood cells (RBCs) as drug carriers. First, a general introduction about RBC physiology is provided, followed by the presentation of several cases in which RBCs act as natural carriers of drugs. This is due to the presence of several binding sites within the same RBCs and is regulated by the diffusion of selected compounds through the RBC membrane and by the presence of influx and efflux transporters. The balance between the influx/efflux and the affinity for these binding sites will finally affect drug partitioning. Thereafter, a brief mention of the pharmacokinetic profile of drugs with such a partitioning is given. Finally, some examples in which these natural features of human RBCs can be further exploited to engineer RBCs by the encapsulation of drugs, metabolites, or target proteins are reported. For instance, metabolic pathways can be powered by increasing key metabolites (i.e., 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate) that affect oxygen release potentially useful in transfusion medicine. On the other hand, the RBC pre-loading of recombinant immunophilins permits increasing the binding and transport of immunosuppressive drugs. In conclusion, RBCs are natural carriers for different kinds of metabolites and several drugs. However, they can be opportunely further modified to optimize and improve their ability to perform as drug vehicles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.