Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38145984›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2024

Unique pharmacodynamic properties and low abuse liability of the µ-opioid receptor ligand (S)-methadone.

Marjorie R Levinstein, Paulo A De Oliveira, Nil Casajuana-Martin, Cesar Quiroz, Reece C Budinich, Rana Rais, William Rea, Emilya N Ventriglia, Natàlia Llopart, Verònica Casadó-Anguera and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Dopaminergic hypersensitivity of the opioid-responsive striatal-entopeduncular pathway in a rodent model of restless legs syndrome.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
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  14. Mixed-mechanism analgesics for mixed pain.Frontiers in medicine · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Marjorie R Levinstein *Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4360-1503
Paulo A De Oliveira *Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Nil Casajuana-Martin *Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9007-274X
Cesar QuirozIntegrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Reece C BudinichBiobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Rana RaisJohns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Neurology and Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
William ReaIntegrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Emilya N VentrigliaBiobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Natàlia LlopartLaboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3127-2901
Verònica Casadó-AngueraLaboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Estefanía MorenoLaboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2491-5753
Donna WaltherDesigner Drug Research Unit, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Grant C GlatfelterDesigner Drug Research Unit, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
David WeinshenkerDepartment of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3678-6215
Carlos A ZarateSection on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Vicent CasadóLaboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1764-3825
Michael H BaumannDesigner Drug Research Unit, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Leonardo PardoLaboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
Sergi FerréIntegrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. sergi.ferre@nih.gov.ORCID 0000-0002-1747-1779
Michael MichaelidesBiobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. mike.michaelides@nih.gov.ORCID 0000-0003-0398-4917

Funding

Neurotransmitter Receptor Heteromers in the Striatal Spine ModuleZIADA000493 · NIDA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · PI FERRE, SERGI · 2009 to 2025
$35.6M
Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology of Substance Abuse MechanismsZIADA000069 · NIDA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · PI MICHAELIDES, MICHAEL · 2016 to 2025
$18.9M
Preclinical medication development for stimulant use disorderZIADA000522 · NIDA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · PI BAUMANN, MICHAEL · 2009 to 2025
$8.9M
Contribution of locus coeruleus-derived galanin to opioid reward and reinforcementR01DA049257 · NIDA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI WEINSHENKER, DAVID · 2020 to 2024
$2.3M
Generalitat de Catalunya (Government of Catalonia) 2021-SGR-00230Intramural NIH HHS ZIA DA000069Intramural NIH HHS ZIA DA000493Intramural NIH HHS ZIA DA000522Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness | Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación) Juan de la Cierva fellowship FJC2019-041020-IMinistry of Economy and Competitiveness | Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación) PID2020-113938RB-I00Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness | Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación) PID2022-140912OB-I00NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA049257U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) DA049257U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) ZIA000522
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

(R,S)-methadone ((R,S)-MTD) is a µ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist comprised of (R)-MTD and (S)-MTD enantiomers. (S)-MTD is being developed as an antidepressant and is considered an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist. We compared the pharmacology of (R)-MTD and (S)-MTD and found they bind to MORs, but not NMDARs, and induce full analgesia. Unlike (R)-MTD, (S)-MTD was a weak reinforcer that failed to affect extracellular dopamine or induce locomotor stimulation. Furthermore, (S)-MTD antagonized motor and dopamine releasing effects of (R)-MTD. (S)-MTD acted as a partial agonist at MOR, with complete loss of efficacy at the MOR-galanin Gal

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidMethadoneReceptors, Opioid, muAnimalsDopamineHumansLigandsMaleMiceReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateStereoisomerismAnalgesics, OpioidDopamineLigandsMethadoneReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateReceptors, Opioid, mu

Identifiers

PMID38145984
PMCPMC11221360

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.