ArticleThe Plant cell2024
The RALF signaling pathway regulates cell wall integrity during pollen tube growth in maize.
Article in The Plant cell, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pectin Structural Dynamics: Developmental and Evolutionary Perspectives.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- PbrFEN-1 positively regulates pear pollen tube growth and is involved in the self-incompatibility response.Plant reproduction · 2026Article
- OsRALF26 Serves as an Endogenous Signal Recognised by XA21 to Promote Robust and Distal Resistance in Rice.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Small Signaling Peptides inPlant direct · 2026Article
- Maize Anther Development Involves Translated Open Reading Frames From 3' Untranslated Regions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Regulation of Pollen Viability, Pollen Tube Growth and Seed Development in Maize by Application of Cysteine Protease ZmPCP.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- PbrRALF5/10 prevents incompatible pollen tube death by reconstructing the methyl-esterified pectin and reactive oxygen species metabolism of pear in vitro.Plant molecular biology · 2025Article
- Peptide Hormone-Mediated Regulation of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptability.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Spatial organization and trafficking dynamics of ANX/BUPS-RALF-LLG signaling complexes during pollen tube growth.Plant reproduction · 2025Article
- The triggering mechanism for predominant hormonal signal production in fleshy fruit ripening.Molecular horticulture · 2025Review
- Sexual reproduction in land plants: an evolutionary perspective.Plant reproduction · 2025Review
- Fertilization-induced synergid cell death by RALF12-triggered ROS production and ethylene signaling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genome-wide exploration and characterization of the RALFs and analysis of its role in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- FERONIA: A Malectin-Domain Receptor Kinase with Intricate Signaling Mechanisms and Profound Importance to Plant Wellness.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2025Review
- Peptides in plant reproduction-small yet powerful.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Genome-Wide Identification of thePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Potent pollen gene regulation by DNA glycosylases in maize.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Pull the fuzes: Processing protein precursors to generate apoplastic danger signals for triggering plant immunity.Plant communications · 2024Review
- Guiding through: RALF signaling during the pollen tube growth in maize.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- From gametes to zygote: Mechanistic advances and emerging possibilities in plant reproduction.Plant physiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Autocrine signaling pathways regulated by RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTORs (RALFs) control cell wall integrity during pollen tube germination and growth in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To investigate the role of pollen-specific RALFs in another plant species, we combined gene expression data with phylogenetic and biochemical studies to identify candidate orthologs in maize (Zea mays). We show that Clade IB ZmRALF2/3 mutations, but not Clade III ZmRALF1/5 mutations, cause cell wall instability in the sub-apical region of the growing pollen tube. ZmRALF2/3 are mainly located in the cell wall and are partially able to complement the pollen germination defect of their Arabidopsis orthologs AtRALF4/19. Mutations in ZmRALF2/3 compromise pectin distribution patterns leading to altered cell wall organization and thickness culminating in pollen tube burst. Clade IB, but not Clade III ZmRALFs, strongly interact as ligands with the pollen-specific Catharanthus roseus RLK1-like (CrRLK1L) receptor kinases Z. mays FERONIA-like (ZmFERL) 4/7/9, LORELEI-like glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor (LLG) proteins Z. mays LLG 1 and 2 (ZmLLG1/2), and Z. mays pollen extension-like (PEX) cell wall proteins ZmPEX2/4. Notably, ZmFERL4 outcompetes ZmLLG2 and ZmPEX2 outcompetes ZmFERL4 for ZmRALF2 binding. Based on these data, we suggest that Clade IB RALFs act in a dual role as cell wall components and extracellular sensors to regulate cell wall integrity and thickness during pollen tube growth in maize and probably other plants.
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