ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Radiotracers for Imaging of Inflammatory Biomarkers TSPO and COX-2 in the Brain and in the Periphery.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Hypoxia-Induced Osteopontin-Positive Glioma-Associated Macrophages Facilitate Glioma Mesenchymal Transition via NF-κB Pathway Activation.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Article
- Current Uses for Medical Imaging With Orthopaedic Implant Technology.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Convergence in Neurodegeneration: Natural Products, Drug Repurposing, and Biomolecular Targets.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Effects of Cigarette Smoking and 3-Day Smoking Abstinence on Translocator Protein 18 kDa Availability: A [Addiction biology · 2025Observational
- Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- RadiolabeledFrontiers in nuclear medicine · 2025Article
- Neuroimmune suppression and anhedonia in post-traumatic stress disorder: connecting central and peripheral immunity.Psychoradiology · 2025Article
- Astragalin improves cognitive disorder in Alzheimer's disease: Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking simulation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- A Review of Advances in Molecular Imaging of Rheumatoid Arthritis: From In Vitro to Clinic Applications Using Radiolabeled Targeting Vectors with Technetium-99m.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammation involves the activation of innate immune cells and is believed to play an important role in the development and progression of both infectious and non-infectious diseases such as neurodegeneration, autoimmune diseases, pulmonary and cancer. Inflammation in the brain is marked by the upregulation of translocator protein (TSPO) in microglia. High TSPO levels are also found, for example, in macrophages in cases of rheumatoid arthritis and in malignant tumor cells compared to their relatively low physiological expression. The same applies for cyclooxgenase-2 (COX-2), which is constitutively expressed in the kidney, brain, thymus and gastrointestinal tract, but induced in microglia, macrophages and synoviocytes during inflammation. This puts TSPO and COX-2 in the spotlight as important targets for the diagnosis of inflammation. Imaging modalities, such as positron emission tomography and single-photon emission tomography, can be used to localize inflammatory processes and to track their progression over time. They could also enable the monitoring of the efficacy of therapy and predict its outcome. This review focuses on the current development of PET and SPECT tracers, not only for the detection of neuroinflammation, but also for emerging diagnostic measures in infectious and other non-infectious diseases such as rheumatic arthritis, cancer, cardiac inflammation and in lung diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.