Frequency Response Evaluation as Diagnostic and Optimization Tool for Pulsed Unipolar Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Process and Resultant Coatings on Zirconium.

Evgeny Parfenov, Ruzil Farrakhov, Veta Aubakirova, Andrey Stotskiy, Rameshbabu Nagumothu, Aleksey Yerokhin

Open access · goldAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 47% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

High-Frequency Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of an Al-Si Alloy: Influence of AlMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
Article

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Evgeny ParfenovDepartment of Materials Science and Physics of Metals, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 12 Karl Marx Street, Ufa 450008, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-0113-314X

Ruzil FarrakhovDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 12 Karl Marx Street, Ufa 450008, Russia.ORCID 0000-0001-6670-1537

Veta AubakirovaDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 12 Karl Marx Street, Ufa 450008, Russia.

Andrey StotskiyDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 12 Karl Marx Street, Ufa 450008, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-2667-1115

Rameshbabu NagumothuDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India.

Aleksey YerokhinDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.

National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli · INUfa Institute of Chemistry · RUUniversity of Manchester · GB

Funding

Russian Science Foundation 20-69-47029

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to bridge various diagnostic tools for the development of smart plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technologies. PEO treatments of commercially pure Zr were carried out using the pulsed unipolar polarisation (PUP) regime with frequency sweep in an alkaline phosphate-silicate electrolyte. Methods of in situ impedance spectroscopy and electrical transient analysis were used for the process diagnostics under the video imaging of the PEO. Two cutoff frequencies, 170-190 Hz and 620-650 Hz, were identified for the PEO-assisted charge transfer process. An equivalent circuit for the metal-oxide-electrolyte system under PUP PEO conditions was developed; from the capacitance values, two geometrical dielectric barriers were evaluated: a thinner 0.5-1 µm inner layer of the coating and a thicker 4-6 µm outer layer. These estimates were in agreement with the coating cross-sectional morphology. Based on comparing the results obtained using different techniques, the frequencies at which the uniform coatings with the best protective properties were formed were identified. For the selected electrolyte system and polarisation regime, these frequencies ranged from 2 to 5 kHz where the overall circuit reactance was minimal; therefore, the power factor was as close to one as possible. This opens the possibilities for the optimization of the pulsed PEO process and online control of unobservable surface characteristics, e.g., the thickness of the coating layers, thus contributing towards the development of smart PEO technologies.

Indexed as

equivalent circuitfrequency responsein situ impedance spectroscopyplasma electrolytic oxidationprocess controlzirconiazirconium

Identifiers

PMID38138824

DOI10.3390/ma16247681

PMCPMC10744907

OpenAlexW4389912745

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.