ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Medicinal Herbs: Promising Immunomodulators for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phytocompounds with immunomodulatory activities: mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and clinical prospects.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Product Nkabinde Mediates Cytokine Modulation and Antiviral Activity in HIV-Infected MT4 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Plasmolyzed yeast cell system for the encapsulation ofFood science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Exploring the Vaccine Adjuvant Effect and Mechanism ofVaccines · 2026Article
- Smart Stings of Nature: Harnessing Microneedles Assisted Targeted Phytoconstituent Delivery for Dermatological Disorders.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Nonpolysaccharide fraction ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Nonclinical Safety Evaluation of Nonmutagenic Immunogrit Following Subacute 28-Day Repeated Dose Oral Toxicity in Sprague-Dawley Rats With GLP Compliance.Journal of toxicology · 2026Article
- A Review of Antioxidant Activity, Anti-Inflammatory Properties, Apoptosis-Regulatory Effects, and Immune System Modulation ofFood science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Modification ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Herbal and Spice Additives in Functional Confectionery Products: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A review of herbal therapeutics for the prevention and management of poxvirus infections.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Herbal Immunostimulants and Their Phytochemicals: ExploringPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Health-Related Messages About Herbs, Spices, and Other Botanicals Appearing in Print Issues and Websites of Legacy Media: Content Analysis and Evaluation.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Withaferin A inhibits Chikungunya virus nsP2 protease and shows antiviral activity in the cell culture and mouse model of virus infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Article
- Efficacy ofJournal of mid-life healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Humans are constantly at high risk of emerging pandemics caused by viral and bacterial infections. The emergence of new pandemics is mainly caused by evolved viruses and bacteria that are highly resistant to existing medications. The rapid evolution of infectious agents demands the urgent investigation of new therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat these infections at an early stage. One of these therapeutic strategies includes the use of medicinal herbs for their antibacterial and antiviral properties. The use of herbal medicines as remedies is very ancient and has been employed for centuries. Many studies have confirmed the antimicrobial activities of herbs against various pathogens in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic effect of medicinal herbs is mainly attributed to the natural bioactive molecules present in these plants such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Different mechanisms have been proposed for how medicinal herbs enhance the immune system and combat pathogens. Such mechanisms include the disruption of bacterial cell membranes, suppression of protein synthesis, and limitation of pathogen replication through the inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis. Medicinal herbs have been shown to treat a number of infectious diseases by modulating the immune system's components. For instance, many medicinal herbs alleviate inflammation by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1, IL-6) while promoting the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10). Medicinal herbs also play a role in defense against viral and intracellular infections by enhancing the proliferation and functions of natural killer cells, T-helper-1 cells, and macrophages. In this review, we will explore the use of the most common herbs in preventing and treating infectious and non-infectious diseases. Using current and recently published studies, we focus on the immunomodulatory and therapeutic effects induced by medicinal herbs to enhance immune responses during diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.