ReviewMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2023
Facial Feminization Surgery: Anatomical Differences, Preoperative Planning, Techniques, and Ethical Considerations.
Review in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anatomical References for the Study of 3D Facial Photographs: A Scoping Review and Proposed Preliminary Framework for Comprehensive Facial Evaluation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The relationship between hematological indices of systemic inflammation and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Patient satisfaction following gender affirming facial surgery: a GENDER-Q and gender preoccupation and stability questionnaire study (GPSQ).Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Article
- Defining Femininity: Crowdsourced Insights on Gendered Facial Features Across Ethnicities.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2025Article
- Aesthetic and Functional Outcomes of Simultaneous Rhinoplasty and Lip Lift Surgery: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Lip feminization: A review.JPRAS open · 2024Review
- Maximizing surgical outcomes with gender affirming hormone therapy in gender affirmation surgery.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Facial Feminization Surgery (FFS) is a transformative surgical approach aimed at aligning the facial features of transgender women with their gender identity. Through a systematic analysis, this paper explores the clinical differences between male and female facial skeletons along with the craniofacial techniques employed in FFS for each region. The preoperative planning stage is highlighted, emphasizing the importance of virtual planning and AI morphing as valuable tools to be used to achieve surgical precision. Consideration is given to special circumstances, such as procedure sequencing for older patients and silicone removal. Clinical outcomes, through patient-reported outcome measures and AI-based gender-typing assessments, showcase the efficacy of FFS in achieving proper gender recognition and alleviating gender dysphoria. This comprehensive review not only offers valuable insights into the current state of knowledge regarding FFS but also emphasizes the potential of artificial intelligence in outcome evaluation and surgical planning to further advance patient care and satisfaction with FFS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.