ArticleBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning.
Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Thiolated Polymers in 3D Bioprinting: Control of Gelation.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- 3D bioprinting of microfluidic systems for cardiac regenerative medicine: from biofabrication to organ-on-a-chip.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Review
- Electrically conductive biopolymer-based hydrogels and fibrous materials fabricated using 3D printing and electrospinning for cardiac tissue engineering.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Highly Flexible Methyl Cellulose/Gelatin Hydrogels for Potential Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications.Biopolymers · 2025Article
- Optimising Bioprinting Nozzles through Computational Modelling and Design of Experiments.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Development of multiparametric bioprinting method for generation of 3D printed cell-laden structures.Biotechnology progressArticle
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extruded bioprinting is widely used for the biomanufacturing of personalized, complex tissue structures, which requires biomaterial inks with a certain viscosity to enable printing. However, there is still a lack of discussion on the controllable preparation and printability of biomaterial inks with different viscosities. In this paper, biomaterial inks composed of gelatin, sodium alginate, and methylcellulose were utablesed to investigate the feasibility of adjustment of rheological properties, thereby analyzing the effects of different rheological properties on the printing process. Based on the response surface methodology, the relationship between the material components and the rheological properties of biomaterial inks was discussed, followed by the prediction of the rheological properties of biomaterial inks. The prediction accuracies of the power-law index and consistency coefficient could reach 96% and 79%, respectively. The material group can be used to prepare biomaterial inks with different viscosity properties in a wide range. Latin hypercube sampling and computational fluid dynamics were used to analyze the effects of different rheological properties and extrusion pressure on the flow rate at the nozzle. The relationship between the rheological properties of the biomaterial ink and the flow rate was established, and the simulation results showed that the changes in the rheological properties of the biomaterial ink in the high-viscosity region resulted in slight fluctuations in the flow rate, implying that the printing process for high-viscosity biomaterial inks may have better versatility. In addition, based on the characteristics of biomaterial inks, the printing process was optimized from the planning of the print pattern to improve the location accuracy of the starting point, and the length accuracy of filaments can reach 99%. The effect of the overlap between the fill pattern and outer frame on the print quality was investigated to improve the surface quality of complex structures. Furthermore, low- and high-viscosity biomaterial inks were tested, and various printing protocols were discussed for improving printing efficiency or maintaining cell activity. This study provides feasible printing concepts for a wider range of biomaterials to meet the biological requirements of cell culture and tissue engineering.
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