Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38133458›Full record

ArticlePharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Patterns of Drug Utilization and Self-Medication Practices: A Cross Sectional Study.

Hamod Al-Omrani, Mandeep Kaur Marwah, Razan Al-Whaib, Mohammed Mekkawy, Hala Shokr

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Hamod Al-OmraniPharmacy Practice Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Mandeep Kaur MarwahAston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
Razan Al-WhaibPharmacy Practice Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6502-552X
Mohammed MekkawyHigh Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0001-6377-6322
Hala ShokrPharmacy Division, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0973-0558
King Faisal University · SAAlexandria University · EGAston University · GBUniversity of Manchester · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSelf-medication (SM) is a growing phenomenon worldwide that has recently been classified as one of the most serious public health problems. SM can result in an incorrect self-diagnosis, inappropriate treatment, potential adverse reactions, interactions, and the masking of more sinister disease.

objectivesTo assess the prevalence of SM practices amongst healthcare professionals and the general population in Saudi Arabia and to identify the sociodemographic contributing factors to this practice.

methodsA total of 540 participants were enrolled in this study. Participants were asked to complete the study questionnaire comprising two sections to gather demographic information and to collect data regarding SM practice.

resultsThe prevalence of SM practice among the study participants was 78.6%, and it was the highest among the middle age groups of (21-40 years) 82% compared to the younger and older age groups. The observed prevalence was higher in the female participants (53.7%) and those who live alone. Type of education did not affect the attitude of SM (

conclusionThe general population should be better educated and made conscious about the consequences, risks, and side effects of SM. Awareness campaigns may prove to be useful in this matter, allowing the patient to consider the appropriateness of this practice. Individuals in the age group of 21-40 years, females, and those who live alone should be considered priority target populations in the design and implementation of SM awareness projects.

Indexed as

drug misusedrug utilizationover the counter drugsself-medication

Identifiers

PMID38133458
PMCPMC10747327
OpenAlexW4388904970

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.