ReviewToxins2023
Clinical Risk Factors Associated with Poor Outcomes in Snake Envenoming: A Narrative Review.
Review in Toxins, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Hemoperfusion as Adjunctive Therapy in Severe Snake Envenomation Refractory to Antivenom: A Case Series.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Role of Regulated Cell Death Pathways in Snakebite Envenomation: Mechanisms, Crosstalk, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Evaluating the content quality and trustworthiness of snakebite envenomation videos on social media platforms: insights from TikTok and Bilibili.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Early Clinical Approach Prevents Severe Neurotoxicity Following Cobra Envenoming: An Integrated Experimental and Multi-Center Clinical Study in Thailand.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Determinants of Poor Treatment Outcomes Among Snakebite Envenoming Patients.Annals of global health · 2026Article
- Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality Among Paediatric Snakebite Patients in Northeastern Nigeria: A Survival Analysis Study.Wellcome open research · 2026Article
- Decoding Severity in Crotalic Snakebite Cases: Findings From a Decade of Cohort Analysis in Brazil.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- ADAMTS13 in Bothrops lanceolatus snakebite envenoming: Crude venom-induced reduction of in vitro enzymatic activity and clinical correlation in snakebite patients.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Masked peril: acute kidney injury in snakebite victims.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of paediatric snakebites in Northeastern Nigeria: a retrospective single-center study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Bothropic snakebite in preterm pregnancy: Antivenom and clinical outcome in mother and newborn in Cúcuta, ColombiaBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2025Article
- Two lives, one bite: a six-year retrospective study on snakebite envenoming among pregnant women in Northeastern Nigeria.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- The national action plan for prevention and control of snakebite envenoming in India (NAPSE): Its role, opportunities and challenges.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Snakebite-related fatalities disproportionately affect populations in impoverished socio-economic regions, marked by limited access to adequate healthcare and constrained antivenom availability. Early medical intervention is pivotal in mitigating mortality and morbidity associated with snakebite envenoming (SBE). While clinical assessment remains fundamental in treating SBE, this review aims to spotlight objective parameters that could also affect outcomes. Selected studies that identify factors associated with poor outcomes are predominantly region-specific, single-site, and observational, yet collectively reveal similar findings. They consistently report factors such as treatment delays, susceptibility in vulnerable groups such as children and pregnant women, as well as various biochemical and haematological abnormalities. Acute kidney injury (AKI), low platelets, leucocytosis, abnormal coagulation, and elevated creatine kinase (CK) all show an association with poor outcomes. Furthermore, recognising rare and unusual SBE presentations such as adrenal insufficiency, severe hypertension, intracranial haemorrhage, acute angle closure glaucoma, and bowel ischaemia also has a bearing on outcomes. Despite the integration of these parameters into clinical decision tools and guidelines, the validation of this evidence is limited. This review underscores the imperative for high-quality, multi-centre studies aligned with consensus-driven Core Outcome Sets (COS) and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) to validate and strengthen the current evidence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.