ArticleAntibodies (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Heterogeneity in Disulfide Bond Reduction in IgG1 Antibodies Is Governed by Solvent Accessibility of the Cysteines.
Article in Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review of Quality Attributes and Analytical Methods Used for Comparative Analytical Assessment of Monoclonal Antibodies as Part of Successful Biosimilar Approvals in the United States and European Union.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Proteomic Analysis of Plant-Derived hIGF-1-Fc Reveals Proteome Abundance Changes Associated with Wound Healing and Cell Proliferation.Proteomes · 2025Article
- Gene discovery and expression analysis of the B cell receptor repertoire in the domestic ferret model.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Photocatalyzed elaboration of antibody-based bioconjugates.Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2025Article
- Development of a Novel Label-Free Subunit HILIC-MS Method for Domain-Specific Free Thiol Identification and Quantitation in Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2024Article
- TEMPRO: nanobody melting temperature estimation model using protein embeddings.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Dynamic Covalent Bond-Based Polymer Chains Operating Reversibly with Temperature Changes.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We studied unpaired cysteine levels and disulfide bond susceptibility in four different γ-immunoglobulin antibodies using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Our choice of differential alkylating agents ensures that the differential peaks are non-overlapping, thus allowing us to accurately quantify free cysteine levels. For each cysteine residue, we observed no more than 5% to be unpaired, and the free cysteine levels across antibodies were slightly higher in those containing lambda light chains. Interchain and hinge residues were highly susceptible to reducing stresses and showed a 100-1000-fold higher rate of reduction compared to intrachain cysteines. Estimations of the solvent-accessible surface for individual cysteines in IgG1, using an implicit all-atom molecular dynamics simulation, show that interchain and hinge cysteines have >1000-fold higher solvent accessibility compared to intrachain cysteines. Further analyses show that solvent accessibility and the rate of reduction are linearly correlated. Our work clearly establishes the fact that a cysteine's accessibility to the surrounding solvent is one of the primary determinants of its disulfide bond stability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.