Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38131632›Full record

SynthesisJournal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community2025

Transgender and gender diverse youths' experiences of healthcare: A systematic review of qualitative studies.

Ryan Biskupovic Goulding, John Goodwin, Aine O'Donovan, Mohamad M Saab

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Co-Development and Validation of a Patient-Reported Experience Measure for Trans and Gender Diverse Young People: A Multi-Stage Participatory Study Protocol.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Cass Review does not guide care for trans young people.The Medical journal of Australia · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ryan Biskupovic GouldingCatherine McAuley School of Nursing & Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-8121-5393
John GoodwinCatherine McAuley School of Nursing & Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-2044-1861
Aine O'DonovanCatherine McAuley School of Nursing & Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-6377-4140
Mohamad M SaabCatherine McAuley School of Nursing & Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-7277-6268

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) populations are identified as high-risk for negative healthcare outcomes. Limited data exists on experiences of TGD youths in healthcare. The review aim is to systematically review literature on healthcare experiences of TGD youths. Seven electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies. Pre-determined eligibility criteria were used for inclusion with a double-screening approach. Sixteen studies were included. Studies included were quality appraised, data were extracted, and findings were synthesized narratively. Four narratives were identified including experiences of: accessing care, healthcare settings and services, healthcare providers, and healthcare interventions. Long waiting times, lack of competent providers, and fear were reported as challenges to accessing gender-affirming care. Negative experiences occurred in mental health services and primary care, while school counseling and gender clinics were affirming. Puberty blockers and hormone-replacement therapy were identified as protective factors. TGD youths are at risk of negative health outcomes due to an under resourced healthcare system. Further research is needed to assess interventions implemented to improve TGD youth's experiences.

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityTransgender PersonsAdolescentFemaleHumansMaleQualitative ResearchAdolescentdelivery of health caregender identitysystematic reviewtransgender persons

Identifiers

PMID38131632
PMCPMC12145476

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.