Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38131187›Full record

Observational studyCirculation2024

Using Genetics to Inform Interventions Related to Sodium and Potassium in Hypertension.

William R Reay, Erin Clarke, Shaun Eslick, Carlos Riveros, Elizabeth G Holliday, Mark A McEvoy, Roseanne Peel, Stephen Hancock, Rodney J Scott, John R Attia and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Circulation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension 2025 (JSH2025).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026
    Guideline
  2. Review
  3. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

William R ReaySchools of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (W.R.R., R.J.S., M.J.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7689-2453
Erin ClarkeHealth Sciences (E.C., S.E., C.E.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8250-5990
Shaun EslickHealth Sciences (E.C., S.E., C.E.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-1786-0141
Carlos RiverosHunter Medical Research Institute (C.R., E.G.H., J.R.A.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-2551-7618
Elizabeth G HollidayMedicine and Public Health (E.G.H., R.P., S.H., J.R.A.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Mark A McEvoyRural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia (M.A.M.).ORCID 0000-0002-5505-5557
Roseanne PeelMedicine and Public Health (E.G.H., R.P., S.H., J.R.A.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9912-3198
Stephen HancockMedicine and Public Health (E.G.H., R.P., S.H., J.R.A.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5199-811X
Rodney J ScottSchools of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (W.R.R., R.J.S., M.J.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7724-3404
John R AttiaMedicine and Public Health (E.G.H., R.P., S.H., J.R.A.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9800-1308
Clare E Collins *Health Sciences (E.C., S.E., C.E.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3298-756X
Murray J Cairns *Schools of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (W.R.R., R.J.S., M.J.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2490-2538
Hunter Medical Research Institute · AUUniversity of Newcastle Australia · AUPrecision for Medicine (United States) · USUnité de Nutrition Humaine · FRCancer Australia · AULa Trobe University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension is a key risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events but remains difficult to treat in many individuals. Dietary interventions are an effective approach to lower blood pressure (BP) but are not equally effective across all individuals. BP is heritable, and genetics may be a useful tool to overcome treatment response heterogeneity. We investigated whether the genetics of BP could be used to identify individuals with hypertension who may receive a particular benefit from lowering sodium intake and boosting potassium levels.

methodsIn this observational genetic study, we leveraged cross-sectional data from up to 296 475 genotyped individuals drawn from the UK Biobank cohort for whom BP and urinary electrolytes (sodium and potassium), biomarkers of sodium and potassium intake, were measured. Biologically directed genetic scores for BP were constructed specifically among pathways related to sodium and potassium biology (pharmagenic enrichment scores), as well as unannotated genome-wide scores (conventional polygenic scores). We then tested whether there was a gene-by-environment interaction between urinary electrolytes and these genetic scores on BP.

resultsGenetic risk and urinary electrolytes both independently correlated with BP. However, urinary sodium was associated with a larger BP increase among individuals with higher genetic risk in sodium- and potassium-related pathways than in those with comparatively lower genetic risk. For example, each SD in urinary sodium was associated with a 1.47-mm Hg increase in systolic BP for those in the top 10% of the distribution of genetic risk in sodium and potassium transport pathways versus a 0.97-mm Hg systolic BP increase in the lowest 10% (

conclusionsThe data suggest that genetic risk in sodium and potassium pathways could be used in a precision medicine model to direct interventions more specifically in the management of hypertension. Intervention studies are warranted.

Indexed as

HypertensionSodium, DietaryBlood PressureCross-Sectional StudiesElectrolytesHumansPotassiumSodiumElectrolytesPotassiumSodiumSodium, Dietarygeneticshypertensionpotassiumprecision medicinesodium

Identifiers

PMID38131187
PMCPMC10962430
OpenAlexW4390120520

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.