ArticlePeerJ2023
Differentially expressed genes in orbital adipose/connective tissue of thyroid-associated orbitopathy.
Article in PeerJ, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-Omics Approaches to Discover Biomarkers of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Whey Protein Mitigates Oxidative Stress Injury and Improves Protein Synthesis in Mouse Skeletal Muscle by Regulating the SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 Axis and AMPK/TSC2/mTOR/4EBP1 Pathway.Journal of food science · 2025Article
- Oxidative stress-related biomarkers in thyroid eye disease: evidence from bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is a disease associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders and it can lead to proptosis, diplopia, and vision-threatening compressive optic neuropathy. To comprehensively understand the molecular mechanisms underlying orbital adipogenesis in TAO, we characterize the intrinsic molecular properties of orbital adipose/connective tissue from patients with TAO and control individuals. Methods: RNA sequencing analysis (RNA-seq) was performed to measure the gene expression of orbital adipose/connective tissues of TAO patients. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected and analyzed through Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database, and hub genes were identified by the Cytoscape plug-in, cytoHubba. We validated several top DEGs through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: We identified 183 DEGs in adipose tissue between TAO patients ( Conclusions: Our results suggest that there are genetic differences in orbital adipose-connective tissues derived from TAO patients. The upregulation of the inflammatory response in orbital fat of TAO may be consistent with the clinical phenotype like eyelid edema, exophthalmos, and excess tearing. Downregulation of MAB21L1, PIK3C2G, and CLVS2 in TAO tissue demonstrates dysregulation of differentiation, oxidative stress, and developmental pathways.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.