ArticleArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2024
Screening of Environmental Chemicals to Characterize Exposures in Participants With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Article in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatic control of immunometabolism: implications for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Parabens exposure in systemic lupus erythematosus: insights from network toxicology and molecular docking.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and development of autoimmunity in humans and animals: a scoping review.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of autoimmune skin diseases: novel biomarkers and therapeutic prospects.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThere is a need to characterize exposures associated with the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this pilot study, we explore a hypothesis-free approach that can measure thousands of exogenous chemicals in blood ("exposome") in patients with SLE and unaffected controls.
methodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed a cohort of patients with prevalent SLE (n = 285) and controls (n = 106). Plasma was analyzed by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS). Mass spectrometry features present in at least 25% of all samples were selected for association analysis (n = 2,737). Features were matched to potential chemicals using available databases. Association analysis of abundances of features with SLE status was performed, adjusting for age and sex. We also explored features associated with SLE phenotypes, sociodemographic factors, and current medication use.
resultsWe found 30 features significantly associated with SLE status (Bonferroni P < 0.05). Of these, seven matched chemical names based on databases. These seven features included phthalate metabolites, a formetanate metabolite, and eugenol. The abundance of acid pesticides differed between patients with SLE and controls (Bonferroni P < 0.05). Two unmatched features were associated with a history of lupus nephritis, and one with anti-double-stranded DNA antibody production (Bonferroni P < 0.05). Seventeen features varied by self-reported race and ethnicity, including a polyfluoroalkyl substance (analysis of variance P < 1.69 × 10
conclusionThis proof-of-concept study demonstrates that LC-QTOF/MS is a powerful tool that agnostically detects circulating exogenous compounds. These analyses can generate hypotheses of disease-related exposures for future prospective, longitudinal studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.