ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2024
Objective Analysis and Clinical Significance of the Spatial Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Patterns in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The FAP × CD3 bispecific antibody OMTX305 induces T cell-mediated antitumor effects in patient-derived ex vivo models of solid tumors.Science advances · 2026Article
- Distinct genomic and immunologic tumor evolution in germline TP53-driven breast cancers.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Reframing tumor bed evaluation in non-small cell lung cancer: histopathological challenges and future directions in the era of neoadjuvant immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Focal hotspot and diffuse immune subtypes of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes: AI-powered spatial clustering classification and its clinical relevance to HER2 expression in triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: From Tumor Microenvironment Reprogramming to Combination Therapy Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Assessment of PD-L1 expression and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma with artificial intelligence algorithms.Journal of clinical pathology · 2025Article
- Closer proximity of pre-treatment CD4Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Biological and clinical significance of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in the era of immunotherapy: a multidimensional approach.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- [TIM3+CD8+ T Cell Expression and Clinical Significance in the Central and Non-central Tumor Microenvironment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2024Article
- Article
- The global trends and distribution in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes over the past 49 years: bibliometric and visualized analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe spatial arrangement of lymphocytes in the tumor bed (e.g., immune infiltrated, immune excluded, immune desert) is expected to reflect distinct immune evasion mechanisms and to associate with immunotherapy outcomes. However, data supporting these associations are scant and limited by the lack of a clear definition for lymphocyte infiltration patterns and the subjective nature of pathology-based approaches. EXPERIMENTAL
designWe used multiplexed immunofluorescence to study major tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) subsets with single-cell resolution in baseline whole-tissue section samples from NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The spatial TIL patterns were analyzed using a qualitative pathologist-based approach, and an objective analysis of TIL density ratios in tumor/stromal tissues. The association of spatial patterns with outcomes was studied for different TIL markers.
resultsThe analysis of CD8+ TIL patterns using qualitative assessment identified prominent limitations including the presence of a broad spectrum of phenotypes within most tumors and limited association with outcomes. The utilization of an objective method to classify NSCLCs showed the existence of at least three subgroups with partial overlap with those defined using visual patterns. Using this strategy, a subset of cases with "immune excluded-like" tumors showed prominently worse outcomes, suggesting reduced sensitivity to ICI; however, these results need to be validated. The analysis for other TIL subsets showed different results, underscoring the relevance of the marker selected for spatial TIL pattern evaluation and opportunities for market integration.
conclusionsOur results identified major challenges associated with the qualitative spatial TIL pattern evaluation. We devised a novel objective strategy to overcome some of these limitations that has strong biomarker potential.
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