ReviewThe South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa2023
A review of recent treatments for adults living with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Review in The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuro-developmental disorder prevalent among children and adults. Adults living with ADHD can experience significant distress affecting their daily functioning on emotional, physical, interpersonal, familial and financial levels. Intervention programmes may be a way to mitigate these challenges. Aim: This review identified good evidence-based intervention studies for adults with ADHD and described the usefulness of these interventions. Method: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, articles were searched from 2009 to 2019 across four medical- and psychological-focused electronic databases using EBSCOhost. All articles selected for the review's thematic meta-synthesis were appraised by attaining a threshold score of at least 61%, using the Smith-Franciscus-Swartbooi appraisal tool. Two autonomous reviewers engaged in the review process. The study adhered to all ethical principles pertaining to systematic review practice. Results: Forty studies were identified for summation, including pharmacological, non-pharmacological and neuro-stimulation approaches. Most interventions used a multimodal approach. Results indicated the most effective stimulant and non-stimulant as methylphenidate and atomoxetine, respectively. Effective non-pharmacological approaches to treatment were identified as cognitive-behavioural treatment, mindfulness-based approaches, psycho-education and dialectical-focused therapies. Bright light treatment and neurofeedback were reported as the most efficacious neuro-stimulatory methods. Conclusion: Pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, as well as neuro-stimulation or a blend of these approaches were acknowledged as the most effective recent modalities in the treatment of adult ADHD. Contribution: This review reported on the most current approaches to treat adult ADHD. This will facilitate a better understanding and informed decisions with regard to dealing with adult ADHD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.