Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38123840›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2024

Multiomic spatial landscape of innate immune cells at human central nervous system borders.

Roman Sankowski, Patrick Süß, Alexander Benkendorff, Chotima Böttcher, Camila Fernandez-Zapata, Chintan Chhatbar, Jonathan Cahueau, Gianni Monaco, Adrià Dalmau Gasull, Ashkan Khavaran and 10 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
95citing papers in PubMed
13.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

95 citing papers in PubMed, 111 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Short-term outcomes of a phase II trial of perioperative capecitabine plus oxaliplatin therapy for advanced gastric cancer with extensive lymph node metastases (OGSG1701).Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2025
    Trial
  2. Second-line chemoimmunotherapy with nivolumab and paclitaxel in immune-related biomarker-enriched advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter phase Ib/II study.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2024
    Trial
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  12. TTNCell reports · 2026
    Article
  13. Innate immunity: current understandings and future perspectives.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
    Review
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35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Roman Sankowski *Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. roman.sankowski@uniklinik-freiburg.de.ORCID 0000-0001-9215-8021
Patrick Süß *Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6926-1813
Alexander BenkendorffInstitute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5473-2990
Chotima BöttcherNeuropsychiatry Unit and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin and DZNE, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6226-586X
Camila Fernandez-ZapataNeuropsychiatry Unit and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin and DZNE, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4795-6053
Chintan ChhatbarInstitute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Jonathan CahueauInstitute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Gianni MonacoInstitute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Adrià Dalmau GasullInstitute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8410-8048
Ashkan KhavaranInstitute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Jürgen GrauvogelDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Christian ScheiweDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Mukesch Johannes ShahDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7224-9185
Dieter Henrik HeilandDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9258-3033
Oliver SchnellDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Filiz Markfeld-ErolDepartment of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
Mirjam KunzeDepartment of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
Robert ZeiserDepartment of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6565-3393
Josef PrillerNeuropsychiatry Unit and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin and DZNE, Berlin, Germany.
Marco PrinzInstitute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. marco.prinz@uniklinik-freiburg.de.ORCID 0000-0002-0349-1955
University of Freiburg · DECharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · DEUniversity Medical Center Freiburg · DEUK Dementia Research Institute · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The innate immune compartment of the human central nervous system (CNS) is highly diverse and includes several immune-cell populations such as macrophages that are frequent in the brain parenchyma (microglia) and less numerous at the brain interfaces as CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs). Due to their scantiness and particular location, little is known about the presence of temporally and spatially restricted CAM subclasses during development, health and perturbation. Here we combined single-cell RNA sequencing, time-of-flight mass cytometry and single-cell spatial transcriptomics with fate mapping and advanced immunohistochemistry to comprehensively characterize the immune system at human CNS interfaces with over 356,000 analyzed transcriptomes from 102 individuals. We also provide a comprehensive analysis of resident and engrafted myeloid cells in the brains of 15 individuals with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, revealing compartment-specific engraftment rates across different CNS interfaces. Integrated multiomic and high-resolution spatial transcriptome analysis of anatomically dissected glioblastoma samples shows regionally distinct myeloid cell-type distributions driven by hypoxia. Notably, the glioblastoma-associated hypoxia response was distinct from the physiological hypoxia response in fetal microglia and CAMs. Our results highlight myeloid diversity at the interfaces of the human CNS with the periphery and provide insights into the complexities of the human brain's immune system.

Indexed as

GlioblastomaCentral Nervous SystemHumansHypoxiaImmunity, InnateMicrogliaMultiomics

Identifiers

PMID38123840
PMCPMC10803260
OpenAlexW4390032293

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.