Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38123719›Full record

Trial reportSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2024

Doxepin is more effective than zolpidem in improving executive function in patients with insomnia disorder.

Zhenghe Yu, Li Han, Pan Yan, Wenjuan Liu, Lishan Ren, You Xu, Lili Yang, Lisha Ma, Yi Liu, Shengdong Wang

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Zhenghe YuDepartment of Medical Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
Li HanDepartment of Medical Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
Pan YanAffiliated Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
Wenjuan LiuDepartment of Medical Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
Lishan RenDepartment of Medical Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
You XuDepartment of Medical Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
Lili YangDepartment of Medical Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
Lisha MaDepartment of Medical Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
Yi LiuDepartment of Medical Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
Shengdong WangAffiliated Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310013, China. wangsd0108@sina.com.
Hangzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital · CNZhejiang University · CN

Funding

Hangzhou Science and technology development plan project 20160533B30Hangzhou Science and technology development plan project 20180533B81
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInsomnia disorder is associated with an impairment in cognitive performance. Doxepin and zolpidem have been found to be effective in improving sleep. In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of doxepin and zolpidem on sleep structure and executive function in patients with insomnia disorder.

methodsPatients with primary insomnia were randomly assigned to receive doxepin 6 mg/day orally or zolpidem 5-10 mg/day orally. Polysomnography (PSG) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used at baseline and after the 8-week treatment to compare clinical efficacy in the two groups. Safety was assessed using the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS). Executive function was evaluated using the Wisconsin sorting card test (WSCT).

resultsOf 120 patients enrolled in the study, 60 participants were assigned to each group. A total of 109 participants (53 in the doxepin group and 56 in the zolpidem group) completed the study. After treatment, the wake after sleep onset (WASO) and total sleep time (TST) values in the doxepin group were 80.3 ± 21.4 min and 378.9 ± 21.9 min, respectively, which were significantly better than those in the zolpidem group (132.9 ± 26.5 min and 333.2 ± 24.2 min, respectively; (P < 0.05)). The sleep onset latency (SOL) value in the zolpidem group (20.3 ± 4.7 min) was significantly better than that in the doxepin group (28.2 ± 5.6 min; P < 0.05). The sleep efficiency (SE) in the doxepin group was 77.8 ± 4.2%, which was significantly better than that in the zolpidem group (68.6 ± 5.0%; P < 0.05). The PSQI score of the doxepin group was 6.1 ± 1.1, which was significantly lower than that in the zolpidem group (7.9 ± 1.9; P < 0.05). The treatment adverse events in the doxepin group was 23.3%, which was significantly higher than that in the zolpidem group (13.3%; P < 0.05). The WSCT showed a significant improvement in persistent errors (PE), random errors (RE), and categories in the two groups after 8-week treatment, and the improvement in RE and the categories was more obvious in the doxepin group (P < 0.05).

conclusionsBoth doxepin and zolpidem were found to be effective in improving sleep quality, but the effects exhibited different patterns. Doxepin improved executive function more effectively than zolpidem in patients with insomnia disorder.

Indexed as

DoxepinExecutive FunctionPolysomnographyPyridinesSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersZolpidemAdultFemaleHumansHypnotics and SedativesMaleMiddle AgedSleep Aids, PharmaceuticalTreatment OutcomeDoxepinHypnotics and SedativesPyridinesSleep Aids, PharmaceuticalZolpidemDoxepinInsomnia disorderPSGPSQIWisconsin sorting card testZolpidem

Identifiers

PMID38123719
OpenAlexW4390013957

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.