Observational studyLupus science & medicine2023
Burden of systemic lupus erythematosus in clinical practice: baseline data from the SLE Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SPOCS) by interferon gene signature.
Observational study in Lupus science & medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03189875 (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SPOCS): Prospective Observational Cohort of Patients With Moderate-to-severe SLE to Characterize Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Disease Activity, Treatment Patterns and Effectiveness, Outcomes and Comorbidities, Healthcare Resource Utilization, and the Impact of SLE on Quality of Life by Type I Interferon Expression
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Suboptimal attainment of SLE treat-to-target goals based on persistently high physician global assessment: an analysis of German SPOCS patients.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Insights into the pathogenesis of childhood-onset SLE in the past decade.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Understanding Sex Differences in Autoimmune Diseases: Immunologic Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Plasma interferon-alpha protein levels during pregnancy are associated with lower birth weight in systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Real-world treatment patterns and clinical characteristics in patients with moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus: an analysis of the SLE Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SPOCS).Lupus science & medicine · 2025Observational
- Lupus and other autoimmune diseases: Epidemiology in the population of African ancestry and diagnostic and management challenges in Africa.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe longitudinal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SPOCS) aims to assess SLE disease course overall and according to type I interferon 4 gene signature (IFNGS). Here, we describe SPOCS patient characteristics by IFNGS and baseline disease activity.
methodsSPOCS (NCT03189875) is an international study of patients with SLE according to Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Enrolled patients from 135 centres in 8 countries were followed biannually for ≤3 years from June 2017 to November 2022. Baseline demographics, disease characteristics, organ system involvement/damage and flares were analysed descriptively according to SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 score (SLEDAI-2K <10/≥10) and IFNGS status (high/low).
resultsThe study population (n=823) was 93.2% female, with mean (SD) age 45.3 (13.9) years and 11.1 (9.2) years since diagnosis; 52.4% had baseline SLICC/ACR Damage Index score ≥1. Patients with SLEDAI-2K scores ≥10 (241 of 584, 41.3%) vs <10 were younger (mean 42.8 (13.7) vs 46.6 (14.2) years; nominal p=0.001), had shorter SLE duration (10.4 (8.6) vs 12.4 (9.6) years; nominal p=0.012) and more severe flares (12.9% vs 5.3%; nominal p=0.001). IFNGS-high patients (522 of 739, 70.6%) were younger than IFNGS-low patients at first SLE manifestation (30.0 (12.7) vs 36.8 (14.6) years; nominal p<0.001). Proportions of IFNGS-high patients differed according to race (nominal p<0.001), with higher proportions among Asian (83.3%) and black (86.5%) versus white patients (63.5%). Greater proportions of IFNGS-high versus IFNGS-low patients had haematological (12.6% vs 4.1%), immunological (74.4% vs 45.6%) or dermal (69.7% vs 62.2%) involvement.
conclusionsWe identified key characteristics of patients with high disease activity and/or elevated type I IFN signalling, populations with SLE with high unmet needs. Baseline SLEDAI-2K ≥10 was associated with shorter disease duration and more severe flares. IFNGS-high patients were younger at diagnosis and had distinct patterns of organ involvement, compared with IFNGS-low patients.
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Registered trials
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