SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2024
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of ketamine and esketamine on suicidal ideation in treatment-resistant depression.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autism, youth suicide, and psychedelics: A review of the 21st century evidence.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2024Pooled it
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Intraoperative Ketamine for Acute Postsurgical Pain after Breast Cancer Surgery: The Moderating Effect of Baseline Temporal Summation of Pain.Anesthesiology · 2025Trial
- Treatment-Resistant Depression as a Heterogeneous Clinical Syndrome: A Personalized Medicine Framework for Diagnostic Reassessment, Suicide Risk, and Mechanism-Based Treatment.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Case report of S-ketamine as treatment option for suicidal ideation and treatment-resistant depression in adolescents with early-onset psychosis.Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2026Article
- Article
- Ketamine or Esketamine in Special Populations of Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- Approaches to ketamine-assisted couple therapy.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Thinking About Suicide for a Long Time: A Scoping Review of Empirical Studies on Persistent Suicidal Ideation.Suicide & life-threatening behavior · 2025Article
- Oral ketamine effects on dynamics of functional network connectivity in patients treated for chronic suicidality.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Schaftoside Reduces Depression- and Anxiogenic-like Behaviors in Mice Depression Models.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Antisuicidal Effect of Lamotrigine Augmentation in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Case Report.Clinical neuropharmacologyArticle
- Understanding suicide.Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo systematically assess the evidence of efficacy and safety of the use of ketamine and esketamine for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) with suicidal ideation (SI).
methodsWe independently searched for clinical trials from inception to January 2023 using electronic databases, e.g., PubMed and EMBASE. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess SI scores of depression rating scales, which were regarded as the outcomes.
resultsA total of five independent double-blind, placebo controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are eligible for inclusion. Four of the studies used ketamine as an intervention and one used esketamine as an intervention. Three hundred ninety-one patients with TRD were included (the intervention group with ketamine or esketamine is 246, and the control group is 145). No statistically significant interaction between the subscales of suicide ideation (SMD = - 0.66, 95% CI (- 1.61, 0.29); Z = 1.36, P = 0.17) and antidepressant effects (SMD = - 0.99, 95% CI (- 2.33, 0.34); Z = 1.46, P = 0.15) based on the results of ketamine and esketamine, compared with placebo groups.
conclusionThis meta-analysis suggested that esketamine and ketamine have failed to reduce suicidal ideation in patients with TRD. Further studies are desirable to confirm the effects of ketamine and esketamine in TRD patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.