ArticleFrontiers in psychology2023
Playfulness from children's perspectives: development and validation of the Children's Playfulness Scale as a self-report instrument for children from 3 years of age.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development and validation of the CAPPAC scale to measure multidimensional play in children and adolescents.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Fostering Playfulness in 2-to-6-Year-Old Children: A Longitudinal Study of Parental Play Support Profiles and Their Effects on Children's Playfulness.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A longitudinal study investigating the association between social maturity, social preference and children's perceptions of their playfulness.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Psychometric properties of the Dutch translation of the Child Self-Report Playfulness questionnaire.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Children's playfulness refers to children's enjoyment, motivation, and engagement in play and has been predominantly assessed from an adult perspective. To assess children's perspectives on their own playfulness, we adapted and modified the Children's Playfulness Scale (CPS) for children from 3 years and used a two-level response format with a total of four answer options. We tested the self-report scale with 564 children between 3 and 8 years of age who attended childcare center or kindergarten. Results indicated that the adapted version of the CPS identified the five distinct domains of playfulness: social spontaneity, cognitive spontaneity, physical spontaneity, sense of humor, and manifest joy; furthermore, results showed invariance across multiple groups for gender, age, and language skills. A highly significant positive correlation was found between children's self-reported playfulness and children's self-reported social self-concept (
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