ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2023
Association between allostatic load and breast cancer risk: a cohort study.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Allostatic load in female cancer patients: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Chronic psychosocial stress: a role in breast cancer etiology?Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Association Between Allostatic Load, Genetic Susceptibility, and Liver Cancer Incidence: A Large-Scale Prospective Cohort Study.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- A Circulating Proteomic Signature of Allostatic Load Is Associated with Multisystem Disease and Mortality.Proteomes · 2026Article
- Prioritizing clinical utility to use allostatic load as a biomarker of the consequences of stress.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Allostatic Load, Multimorbidity, and Overall and Cancer-Specific Survival among Older Adults in the United States.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Association between allostatic load and risk of breast carcinoma in situ in the UK biobank.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
- Allostatic Load Predicts Symptom Burden Among Breast Cancer Survivors.Research square · 2026Article
- Association Between Allostatic Load and Incident Colorectal Cancer-A Prospective Study in a Multiethnic Asian Population.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Association of allostatic load index with cognitive impairment in high-risk stroke populations.BMC geriatrics · 2026Observational
- Allostatic load, personality traits, and cancer risk: A prospective cohort study.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Integrative DNA methylation and transcriptome analysis reveal cell-type specific patterns in response to elevated allostatic load.Epigenetics · 2025Article
- Allostatic load and risk of prostate cancer in UK Biobank.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Allostatic Load and Racial and Rural Disparities in Breast Cancer Survival.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Ganoderma lucidum spore oil alleviates psychological stress-evoked tumor progression by enhancing FcγR-mediated macrophage phagocytosis.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- Association Between Allostatic Load and Delirium in ICU Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Allostatic load and cancer risk, progression, and mortality in epidemiologic studies.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- The association between allostatic load and lymphedema in breast cancer survivors.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- Biological embodiment of educational attainment and future risk of breast cancer: findings from a French prospective cohort.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Allostatic load-cardiovascular disease associations and the mediating effect of inflammatory factors: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAllostatic load (AL) reflects the collective load of chronic stress during lifetime. Previous studies have shown that higher AL is associated with poor clinical outcomes among breast cancer patients. However, the relationship between AL and breast cancer risk is still unclear.
methodsTo fill the gap, we analyzed the association between AL and the development of breast cancer in 181,455 women identified from the UK Biobank.
resultsDuring the follow-up from 2006 to 2020, 5,701 women were diagnosed with incident breast cancer. Significantly higher AL was observed among incident breast cancer cases than all study participants (mean: 2.77 vs. 2.63, P < 0.01). Univariate Cox regression analysis indicated the risk of breast cancer was increased by 5% per one AL unit increase (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04, 1.07). In multivariate analyses, after adjusting demographics, family history of breast cancer, reproductive factors, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and breast cancer polygenic risk score (PRS), the significant association remained (HR = 1.05, 95%CI 1.03, 1.07). The significant relationship was further confirmed in the categorical analysis. Compared with women in the low AL group (AL: 0 ~ 2), those in the high AL group (AL: 3 ~ 11) had a 1.17-fold increased risk of breast cancer (HR = 1.17, 95%CI 1.11, 1.24). Finally, in the stratified analysis, joint effects on the risk of breast cancer were observed between the AL and selected known breast cancer risk factors, including age, family history of breast cancer, PRS, income, physical activity, and alcohol consumption.
conclusionIn summary, those findings have demonstrated that higher AL was associated with an increased breast cancer risk in women. This association is likely independent of known breast cancer risk factors. Thus, the AL could be a valuable biomarker to help breast cancer risk prediction and stratification.
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