ReviewParasites & vectors2023
Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in South America: occurrence, immunity, and fate of infection.
Review in Parasites & vectors, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nasal Nanoparticle Vaccine Induces a Cross-Strain T-Cell Immunity AgainstPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Ocular toxoplasmosis in Latin American and European patients: clinical characteristics, visual outcomes, and recurrence patterns.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2026Article
- Characterization of ovine abortion in Uruguay reveals extensive non-clonal diversity and multiple evolutionary origins of Toxoplasma gondii.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from members of the families camelidae and equidae worldwide: a systematic review.Irish veterinary journal · 2026Review
- One Health, many voices: advances and challenges in toxoplasmosis discussed at the VII Brazilian symposium and IV international symposium on toxoplasmosis.One health outlook · 2026Article
- Evolution ofJournal of parasitology research · 2026Review
- Identification of lineage-associated polymorphisms in the ROP18 3' flanking region and development of molecular assays for differentiation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Serological and Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii Among Slaughtered Domestic Ruminants in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Sarcocystid pathogens in captive monkeys from southern Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Killer Peptide-Containing Polyelectrolytic Nanocomplexes to FightPharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Global geographical distribution ofParasite epidemiology and control · 2025Review
- Article
- Molecular identification, risk factors' assessment and phylogenetic analysis of Toxoplasma gondii in goats from Malakand Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Treatment Protocols for Gestational and Congenital Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- A Brg1-Rme1 circuit inmBio · 2024Article
- Toxoplasma gondii IgG serointensity and cognitive function in bipolar disorder.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Article
- Comparison of immunological and molecular methods for laboratory diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis in blood, serum and tears in Brazil.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite with a worldwide distribution. Toxoplasma gondii infections are of great concern for public health, and their impact is usually most severe in pregnant women and their foetuses, and in immunocompromised individuals. Displaying considerable genetic diversity, T. gondii strains differ widely according to geographical location, with archetypal strains predominantly found in the Northern Hemisphere and non-archetypal (atypical) strains, with highly diverse genotypes, found mainly in South America. In this review, we present an overview of the identification and distribution of non-archetypal strains of T. gondii. Special attention is paid to the strains that have been isolated in Brazil, their interaction with the host immunological response, and their impact on disease outcomes. The genetic differences among the strains are pivotal to the distinct immunological responses that they elicit. These differences arise from polymorphisms of key proteins released by the parasite, which represent important virulence factors. Infection with divergent non-archetypal strains can lead to unusual manifestations of the disease, even in immunocompetent individuals.
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