ArticleBMC women's health2023
Infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, Uganda.
Article in BMC women's health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systems-level restoration of vaginal and gut microbiota by Lactobacillus helveticus 20838 alleviates Gardnerella vaginalis-induced dysbiosis.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Aetiology of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Ecuador and In Vitro Antifungal Activity AgainstJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Standardizing Vulvovaginal candidiasis diagnosis in Uganda: A case for British Association for Sexual Health and HIV 2019 guidelines.IJID regions · 2025Review
- Mixed Vaginal Infections and Their Predictors Among Women With Abnormal Vaginal Discharges Attending Gynecological Clinics in Western Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Trichomoniasis Infection and Associated Risk Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur, Banke.Journal of parasitology research · 2025Article
- Vaginal Microbiome: Environmental, Biological, and Racial Influences on Gynecological Health Across the Lifespan.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Review
- Improving Clerkship to Enhance Patients' Quality of care (ICEPACQ): a baseline study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundInfectious vaginitis is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting women of reproductive age with significant clinical consequences. Bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (VVC), and trichomoniasis (TV) are the main etiologies. Unfortunately, there is limited data on the prevalence and associated risk factors, especially in sub-saharan Africa. This study, thus, determined the prevalence and risk factors of infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a Marie-stopes health facility in urban areas of Kampala, Uganda.
methodsA cross-sectional study with 361 participants was conducted from July to October 2021. Data on risk factors and infection were collected via a structured questionnaire and laboratory analysis of vaginal swabs, respectively, with data analysis performed using Stata version 14.0 college station, Texas 77,845 US.
resultsThe ages of participants ranged from 18 to 49 years, with a mean age of 29.53 years. Overall, 58.45% were infected, of whom 33.24% had VVC, 24.93% had BV, and 0.28% had TV. Bivariate analysis revealed that women with pruritus (COR: 3.057, 95% CI: 1.940-4.819), pregnancy (COR: 4.914, 95% CI: 1.248-19.36), antibiotic use (COR: 1.592, 95% CI: 1.016-2.494), douching (COR: 1.719, 95% CI: 1.079-2.740), and multiple partners (COR: 1.844, 95% CI: 1.079-2.904) were more likely to have VVC, whereas having higher education status (University; Vocational) (COR: 0.325, 95% CI: 0.134-0.890; COR: 0.345, 95% CI: 0.116-0.905) reduced the risk. On the other hand, women with a smelly discharge (COR: 1.796, 95% CI: 1.036-3.110), IUD use (COR: 1.868, 95% CI: 1.039-3.358), and antibiotic use (COR: 1.731, 95% CI: 1.066-2.811) were more likely to have BV. Multivariable analysis identified pruritus (AOR: 2.861, 95% CI: 1.684-4.863) as the only independent predictor for VVC.
conclusionResults indicate a high prevalence of infection among these women; therefore regular screening and treatment is recommended to curb the high rate of infection. More studies on risk factors of infection are recommended.
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